Booklet 4

Question 1

Abu Ghraib

Answer 1

During the war in Iraq that began in March 2003, personnel of the United States Army and the Central Intelligence Agency committed a series of human rights violations against detainees in the Abu Ghraib prison in Iraq.

Question 2

affirmative action

Answer 2

an action or policy favouring those who tend to suffer from discrimination, especially in relation to employment or education; positive discrimination.

Question 3

assimilation

Answer 3

to conform or adjust to the customs, attitudes, etc., of a group, nation

Question 4

Bill of Rights

Answer 4

the first ten amendments to the US Constitution, ratified in 1791 and guaranteeing such rights as the freedoms of speech, assembly, and worship.

Question 5

British North America Act

Answer 5

the original names of a series of Acts at the core of the constitution of Canada. They were enacted by the Parliament of the United Kingdom and the Parliament of Canada. In Canada, some of the Acts were amended or repealed by the Constitution Act, 1982. The rest were renamed in Canada as the Constitution Acts.

Question 6

cabinet

Answer 6

(in the US) a body of advisers to the president, composed of the heads of the executive departments of the government, (in Canada) the committee of senior ministers responsible for controlling government policy.

Question 7

civil disobedience

Answer 7

the active, professed refusal to obey certain laws, demands, and commands of a government

Question 8

civil liberties

Answer 8

the state of being subject only to laws established for the good of the community, especially with regard to freedom of action and speech.

Question 9

charter of rights and freedoms

Answer 9

is a bill of rights entrenched in the Constitution of Canada. It forms the first part of the Constitution Act, 1982.

Question 10

emergencies act

Answer 10

an Act of the Parliament of Canada to authorize the taking of special temporary measures to ensure safety and security during national emergencies and to amend other Acts in consequence thereof. more limitations than war measures act and defines an emergency.

Question 11

enfranchisement

Answer 11

the giving of a right or privilege, especially the right to vote.

Question 12

enemy alien

Answer 12

any native or citizen of any foreign nation with which a domestic nation is in conflict with and who are liable to be apprehended, restrained, secured and removed.

Question 13

dissent

Answer 13

the political act of dissagreeing; the right to disagree.

Question 14

FLQ

Answer 14

was a separatist group in Quebec founded in the early 1960s and was a militant part of the Quebec sovereignty movement. Conducted a number of attacks between 1963 and 1970.

Question 15

freedom

Answer 15

the power or right to act, speak, or think as one wants without hindrance or restraint.

Question 16

internment

Answer 16

the state of being confined as a prisoner, especially for political or military reasons.

Question 17

Guantanamo Bay

Answer 17

a United States military prison located within Cuba. Since the inmates have been detained indefinitely without trial and several inmates were severely tortured, the operations of this camp are considered to be a major breach of human rights. Established by President George W. Bush’s administration in 2002 during the War on Terror.

Question 18

October Crisis

Answer 18

occurred in October 1970 in the province of Quebec Members of the Front de libération du Québec (FLQ) kidnapped. In response, Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau invoked the only peacetime use of the War Measures Act.

Question 19

order in council

Answer 19

at the federal level, is an order of the govenor general by and with the advice and consent of the Queen’s privy council for Canada. In fact, it is formulated by cabinet or a committee of Cabinet and formally approved by the governor general.

Question 20

minority rights

Answer 20

Rights granted to minorities to act as a safeguard of their interests and help prevent discrimination against them by the majority.

Question 21

non-violent non-cooperation

Answer 21

a method or practice, as that established in India by Gandhi, of showing opposition to acts or policies of the government by refusing to participate in civic and political life or to obey governmental regulations.

Question 22

patriation

Answer 22

the turning over or return of legislative powers that were formerly held by another country. When Canada took over the power to amend the Constitution from the British Parliament, this was an example of patriation.

Question 23

USA Patriot Act

Answer 23

Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001. From broad concern felt among Americans from both the September 11 attacks Congress rushed to pass legislation to strengthen security controls.

Question 24

Privacy

Answer 24

the state or condition of being free from being observed or disturbed by other people.

Question 25

privy council

Answer 25

a body of advisers or private counselors appointed by a sovereign or a governor general (now chiefly on an honorary basis and including present and former government ministers).

Question 26

red paper

Answer 26

the name given to the national indian brotherhood’s citizen plus which outlined their objections to the policy changes recommend in the trudeau government’s white paper

Question 27

residential schools

Answer 27

as part of canada’s program for the assimilation of the aboriginal peoples under the original indian act of 1867, aboriginal children were removed from their communities and housed and taught in church-run residential schools

Question 28

rule of law

Answer 28

a key principle in liberal democracies that states that every individual is equal before the law and all citizens are subject to the law

Question 29

security

Answer 29

the state of being free from danger or threat.

Question 30

torture

Answer 30

the action or practice of inflicting severe pain on someone as a punishment or to force them to do or say something, or for the pleasure of the person inflicting the pain.

Question 31

tyranny of the majority

Answer 31

A situation in which a government or other authority democratically supported by a majority of its subjects makes policies or takes actions benefiting that majority, without regard for the rights or welfare of the rest of its subjects.

Question 32

war measures act

Answer 32

a canadian law that gave federal cabinet emergency powers for cirsumstances where it determines that the threat of war, invasion, or insurrection, real or apprehended, exists. Was replaced with the emergencies act in 1988.

Question 33

white paper

Answer 33

an official government document that outlines the governments policies. in 1969, the government of prime minister trudeau issued a controversial white paper that proposed to abolish treaties, the department of indian affairs, and everything else that had kept first nations and inuit people distinct from the people of canada.

Question 34

9/11

Answer 34

a series of four coordinated terrorist attacks by the Islamic terrorist group al-Qaeda in the United States on the morning of Tuesday, September 11, 2001. The attacks killed 2,996 people, injured over 6,000 others, and caused at least $10 billion in infrastructure and property damage.

Question 35

consensus

Answer 35

general agreement

Question 36

canadian charter of rights and freedoms

Answer 36

the canadian legislation protecting the rights of individuals. Enshrined as part of the constitution act.

Question 37

bill of rights

Answer 37

the legislation in the united states that protects the rights of individuals. passed in 1791, also known as the first 10 amendments of the constitution.

Question 38

war measures act (WWI)

Answer 38

first use was during WWI, those who canada was at war with were considered enemy aliens (ukranians mostly), many sent to internment camps, property confisicated.

Question 39

war measures act (WWII)

Answer 39

invoked against Japanese, placed in internment camps, through an order in council, the west coast was declared a protected area where the Japanese were not allowed. their property was sold.

Question 40

war measures act (october crisis)

Answer 40

1970, final time the act was invoked, canada was undergoing many changes and many groups wanted less gov control, and more freedom. some francophonies wanted more protection for their language and culture as they were dominated by the anglophones. this created the quiet revolution. some thought this change was too slow so the FLQ was formed and they were violent.

Question 41

idle no more

Answer 41

Idle No More activists argued that the changes that were occuring made it easier for the government and big business to push through projects (e.g., pipelines) without strict environmental assessment, while simultaneously diminishing the rights and authority of First Nations.

Question 42

anti-terrorism act

Answer 42

what the emergencies act was renamed in 2001(?). happened after 9/11. The Anti-terrorism Act, 2015 (also known as Bill C-51) is an Act of the Parliament of Canada passed by the Harper government that broadened the authority of Canadian government agencies to share information about individuals easily.

Question 43

chicago 10

Answer 43

people protesting the vietnam were arrested for basically no reason during the democratic national convention.

Question 44

viola desmond

Answer 44

a bussiness woman who sat in the whites only section of a movie theatre.

Question 45

kent state massacre

Answer 45

shooting of college students by members of the ohio national gaurd during a protest of the vietnam war.

Question 46

dixie chicks

Answer 46

were against what bush was doing and received major backlash. against invasion of iraq.

Question 47

mosque at ground zero

Answer 47

wanted to build a mosque very close to ground zero which received backlash.