Urinary system

Question 1

What is the flow of urine?

Answer 1

Collecting duct => Papillary duct => Minor calyx => Major calyx

=> renal pelvis => Ureter => Urinary bladder => Urethra

Question 2

What are the microscopic features of the excretory passge?

Answer 2

• Urothelium, and is impermeable to salts and water.
• Allow stretching and distention with increasing volume of fluid
• Dome-shaped cells budging into the lumen
• Often bi-nucleated cells (Arrow).

Question 3

Where does the ureter pass?

What is on the periphary of the ureter?

What keeps the urinebackinh up into mucosa?

What lines the mucosa?

Answer 3

Retroperitoneal, passes posterior to the bladder
Muscular tube (Inner, middle and outer SM)
Flap of mucosa keep urine backing up into ureters
Lined by Transitional epithelium

Question 4

What forms the detrusor muscle of the bladder?

Answer 4

·The muscularis is thicker than in the ureter, forming the detrusor muscle.

·Two or three ill-defined layers of smooth muscle (inner longitudinal, middle circular, and sometimes an outer longitudinal

Question 5

What are between the large smooth muscle bundles of the bladder?

Answer 5

·Large quantity of collagen fibers are present between smooth muscle bundles.

Question 6

Where does the upper part of the bladder faces and what covers the upper part of the bladder?

What covers the remainder part of the bladder and what does the remaider part of the bladder carry?

Answer 6

The upper section of the bladder faces the peritoneal cavity, and is covered by serosa. The remainder is covered by adventitia formed by connective tissue that carries nerves, and blood vessels.

Question 7

What forms the trigone?

Answer 7

Triangular smooth area formed by the opening of the two ureters and the urethra

Question 8

What are the histological parts of the bladder?

Answer 8

Transitional epithelium

lamina propria

Muscular layer (detrusor muscle)

Advetitia (with fat cells)

Question 9

How long is a wmans urethra?

what are the layers of a womans urethra?

Answer 9

Is short (~4cm). The epithelial lining is begins with transitional epithelium proximally, becomes stratified squamous that becomes moderately keratinized stratified squamous epithelium near the urethral meatus

Question 10

Describe a womans urethral lamina propria?

What is the womans urethral muscularis continuous with and what are the layers of a womans urethra?

Answer 10

·The lamina propria in the female urethra is extremely vascular, like the corpus spongiosum of the penis.

·The muscularis of the female urethra is continuous with the muscularis of the bladder, with two poorly defined layers of smooth muscle bundles.

Question 11

What are ther parts o the male urethra?

Answer 11

prostatic urtethra

penile urethra

rethral meatus

Question 12

what is this? what of cells line this?

Answer 12

prostatic urethra

lined by transitional epithelium

Question 13

What is this a picture of?

what kind of cells line this?

Answer 13

penile urethra

stratified pseudostratified columnar

Question 14

What is this?

What type of cells line this?

Answer 14

urethral meatus

lined by stratified squamous epithelial