Classification

Question 1

what are the 5 Kingdoms

Answer 1

• animals (fish and mammals)
• plants (grasses and trees)
• fungi (mushrooms and yeasts)
• prokaryotes (all single celled organisms without a nucleus)
• protists (eukaryotic single celled organisms, like algae)

Question 2

what were organisms originally classified by

Answer 2

• they were classified in accordance to their similarities and differences in physical characteristics
• as technology improved, you could see things with a microscope like cell structures

Question 3

what were the physical characteristics used to do

Answer 3

• classify organisms in the five kingdom classification system
• in this system, living things are divided into 5 groups called kingdoms

Question 4

what are the kingdoms divided into

Answer 4

• smaller and smaller groups that have common features

- they are phylum, class, order, family, genus and species

Question 5

what has the development in technology allowed us to do

Answer 5

allowed our understanding of biochemical processes and genetics to increase

Question 6

what has the development in technology allowed us to determine

Answer 6

• the sequence of DNA bases of different organisms genes and compare them
• the more similar the sequence of a gene, the more closely related the organism
• scientists are also able to determine RNA sequences in a similar way

Question 7

what did the development in technology which allowed us to look closer into organisms cause

Answer 7

• a rethink about the way organisms are classified

- and the proposal of a three domain system by a scientist called carl woese

Question 8

what did carl woese discover and what did it cause him to do

Answer 8

• using RNA sequencing
• he found out that some members of the prokaryote kingdom arent as closely related as we thought
• he proposed that the kingdom be split into 2 groups
• called archea and bacteria

Question 9

what did carl actually suggest and what did it lead to

Answer 9

• he actually suggested in the creation of three large groups called domains
• archea, bacteria and lastly eukarya

Question 10

describe the domain group archea

Answer 10

• organisms in this domain look similar to bacteria but are actually quite different
• as differences in their DNA and RNA sequences show
• they were first found in extreme places such as hot springs and salt lakes

Question 11

describe the domain group bacteria

Answer 11

this domain group contains true bacteria such as e coli

Question 12

describe the domain group eukarya

Answer 12

this domain includes a broad range of organisms including fungi, plants, animals and protists