Enzymes

Question 1

Cofactor

Answer 1

Non-protein component required for activity

Question 2

Coenzyme

Answer 2

Complex organic molecule required for activity

Question 3

Induced fit

Answer 3

Conformational changes occur in the protein structure when the substrate binds

Question 4

Desolvation

Answer 4

Weak bonds between substrate and enzyme essentially replace most or all of the H bonds between substrate and aqueous solution

Question 5

Entropy reduction

Answer 5

Molecules in free solution will only react by “bumping” into one another
Enzymes “force” the substrate(s) to be correctly orientated by binding them in the correct formation

Question 6

Concerted model

Answer 6

Allosteric activators will stabilise “open” conformation

Inhibitors will stabilise “closed” conformation

Question 7

Sequential model

Answer 7

Substrate binding leads to a change in one subunit

Question 8

Covalent modification

Answer 8

Allows fine control of enzyme function eg. phosphorylation