Test 4 Urinary Flashcards
What artery brings blood to the kidney’s vasculature for filtration?
Renal Artery
The Renal Corpuscle and Convoluted tubules of the nephron are found within what portion of the kidney?
Renal Cortex
What structures make up the Renal Corpuscle?
- Bowman’s Capsule
- Glomerulus
The Loop of Henle and collecting ducts of the nephron are found within what portion of the kidney?
Renal Medulla
What are the names of the two types of nephrons?
- Juxtamedullary Nephron
- Cortical Nephron
What is the difference between the Loops of Henle of Juxtamedullary Nephrons and Cortical Nephrons?
- Juxtamedullary: Extend deep into medulla and has thin Ascending limb portion
- Cortical: Do not Extend deep into Medulla and do not have a thin portion of the ascending limb
What is the basic structural and functional unit of the kidney? Approx. how many per kidney?
Nephron
1 Million
Where is blood filtered and in which produces filtrate that ultimately leads to the formation of urine?
Renal Corpuscles
What are the 7 functions of the Kidneys?
A WET BED
- A: maintain ACID-Base Balance
- W: Maintain Water Balance
- E: Electrolyte Balance
- T: Toxin Removal
- B: Blood Pressure Control (RAAS)
- E: Making Erythropoietin
- D: Vitamin D Metabolism
What are the negatively-charged “openings” of the endothelial lining, that allow anything smaller than a RBC through, called?
Fenestrations
What Glomerular structure is the layer of extracellular matrix secreted by the epithelial cells, on which the epithelium sits?
Basal Lamina
The Glomerular Basal Lamina is made up of how many layers and what are the names of the layers in which forms an efficient and highly selective, sieve-like filter?
3
- Lamina Rara Interna
- Lamina Densa
- Lamina Rara Externa
The Lamina Rara Interna and Lamina Rara Externa are lined with what?
Negatively-Charged
GLYCOSAMINOGLYCANS
(Including HEPARIN)
The Lamina Densa is composed of what?
- Filamentous TYPE IV COLLAGEN, (Kinked sheet collagen pattern, no regular glycines)
- Glycoprotein LAMININ that cross-links TYPE IV COLLAGEN
What are the specialized epithelial cells covering (wrap around) and fusing with the basement membrane of the glomerulus and contain foot processes that interdigitate with nearby podocytes in the kidney, called?
Podocyte
