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Chemistry > CHE128 Chapter 2 > Flashcards

CHE128 Chapter 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is Matter?

A

Anything that takes up space and has mass

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2
Q

What are the three states of matter?

A

Solid, Liquid, Gas

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3
Q

Are Solids Compressible?

A

No

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4
Q

Do solids maintain their volume?

A

Yes

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5
Q

Do liquids maintain their volume

A

Yes

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6
Q

Are liquids compressible?

A

No

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7
Q

Are gasses compressible?

A

Yes

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8
Q

Do gasses maintain their volume or assume their container’s?

A

Assume their containers

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9
Q

What is a crystalline solid?

A

A solid whose particles are in a long range repeating order - such as salt, diamonds, and sugar

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10
Q

What is an amorphous solid?

A

A solid with randomly distributed particles, such as plastic, glass, and charcoal

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11
Q

What is the composition of an element?

A

A pure substance that cannot be separated into simpler substances (eg Helium)

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12
Q

What is the composition of a compound?

A

Multiple pure substances bound together (eg H2O)

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13
Q

What is the composition of a heterogeneous mixture?

A

Variable composition that is not uniform throughout (eg wet sand)

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14
Q

What is the composition of a homogeneous mixture?

A

Variable composition that is consistent throughout (eg tea)

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15
Q

What is a pure substance?

A

Matter whose composition does not change from one sample to the next - made of a single type of atom or molecule.

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16
Q

What is a mixture?

A

Matter whose composition may vary from one sample to another - two or more types of atoms or molecules in variable proportions.

17
Q

What is an element?

A

A pure substance that cannot be decomposed into simpler substances.

18
Q

What is a compound?

A

Chemical combinations of elements

19
Q

What is a physical change in matter?

A

Changes that alter the state or appearance of matter without altering the composition

20
Q

What is a chemical change in matter?

A

Changes that alter the composition of matter

21
Q

Physical or chemical change: boiling water

A

Physical

22
Q

Physical or chemical change: Rusting of an iron nail

A

Chemical

23
Q

What are physical properties of matter?

A

Characteristics that can be changed without changing composition

24
Q

What are chemical properties of matter?

A

Characteristics that determine how the composition of matter changes as a result of contact with other matter or the influence of energy (characteristics that describe the behavior of matter)

25
Q

Physical or chemical change: Melting

A

Physical

26
Q

Physical or chemical change: Freezing

A

Physical

27
Q

Physical or chemical change: subliming

A

Physical

28
Q

Physical or chemical change: dissolving

A

Physical

29
Q

Physical or chemical change: burning

A

Chemical

30
Q

Physical or chemical change: Dye fading or changing color

A

Chemical

31
Q

What is Energy?

A

The capacity to do work

32
Q

What are the two classifications of energy?

A

Kinetic and Potential

33
Q

What is Kinetic Energy?

A

Energy of motion - motion of atoms, molecules and subatomic particles; thermal (heat) energy is kinetic because it’s caused by molecular motion

34
Q

What is Potential Energy?

A

Energy that is stored in Matter (due to composition of matter & its position relative to other things)

35
Q

What does the Law of Conservation of Energy state?

A

That kinetic and potential energy can be interconverted, with the total amount of energy remaining the same.

36
Q

Potential or Kinetic Energy: water at the top of a waterfall

A

potential

37
Q

Potential or kinetic energy: a hot stove

A

kinetic

38
Q

Are materials with high potential energy more stable or less stable?

A

Less stable

Chemistry (3 decks)

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