Failure to thrive/short stature Flashcards

1
Q

How many centile lines are there on a growth chart?

A

9

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2
Q

What are the centile lines on the growth charts?

A

0.4th / 2nd / 9th / 25th / 50th / 75th / 91st / 98th / 99.6th

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3
Q

Where should children born between 32 weeks and 36+6 weeks gestation be plotted, and for how long?

A

In the preterm section on the left

Growth should be plotted there until 2 weeks after the EDD

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4
Q

On the main chart, how long should a gestational correction be done for if the child is born before 32 weeks?

A

2 years

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5
Q

On the main chart, how long should gestational correction be done for if the child is born 32-36+6 weeks?

A

1 year

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6
Q

When is a child considered to be ‘on the centile’?

A

When they plot within 1/4 space of the line

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7
Q

When is a child considered to be ‘between centiles’?

A

When they plot outside 1/4 space of the line

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8
Q

How is the mid-parental height of a girl calculated?

A

(Father’s height + mother’s height - 12.5)/2

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9
Q

How is the mid-parental height of a boy calculated?

A

(Father’s height + mother’s height + 12.5)/2

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10
Q

How is predicted adult height calculated?

A

Using specific part of chart, plot child’s last centile, then +/-6cm and read of predicted adult range. 80% of children will grow to fall between this range.

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11
Q

How is the mid-parental centile comparator calculated?

A

Using specific part of the chart, plot Mother and Father’s height, draw and line between them. +/- 2 centiles from mid-point. 90% of children will fall between these centile lines.

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12
Q

How should head circumference measurements be taken?

A

3 times, and take an average

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13
Q

By what age should an IUGR child catch-up in growth?

A

4y/o

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14
Q

What is a short 5th metacarpal a sign of?

A

Pseudohypoparathyroidism

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15
Q

What is a baby’s milk requirement?

A

150ml-200ml/kg/day

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16
Q

How many ml in 1oz?

A

230ml

17
Q

When should weening start?

A

6 months

18
Q

How can causes of failure to thrive be categorised?

A
  1. Inadequate caloric intake
  2. Inadequate caloric absorption
  3. Excessive caloric expenditure
19
Q

What are the causes of inadequate caloric intake in a toddler/infant?

A
  1. Breast feeding problem
  2. Incorrectly made up formula
  3. GORD
  4. Care-giver depression
  5. Lack of food availability
  6. Cleft lip/palate
20
Q

What are the causes of inadequate caloric absorption in a toddler/infant?

A
  1. Food allergy
  2. Malabsorption
  3. Pyloric stenosis
  4. GI atresia/malformation
  5. Inborn error of metabolism
21
Q

What are the causes of excessive caloric expenditure in a toddler/infant?

A
  1. Thyroid disease
  2. Chronic infection/immunodeficiency
  3. Chronic pulmonary disease
  4. Congenital heart disease
  5. Malignancy
22
Q

What are the causes of inadequate caloric intake in a child/adolescent?

A
  1. Mood disorder
  2. Eating disorder
  3. GORD
  4. IBS
23
Q

What are the causes of inadequate caloric absorption in a child/adolescent?

A
  1. Food allergy
  2. Coeliac disease
  3. Malabsorption
  4. IBD
  5. Inborn error of metabolism
24
Q

What are the causes of excessive caloric expenditure in a child/adolescent?

A
  1. Thyroid disease
  2. Chronic infection/immunodeficiency
  3. Chronic pulmonary disease
  4. Congenital heart disease
  5. Malignancy
25
Q

What are the differentials for short stature?

A
  1. Familial
  2. Constitutional
  3. IUGR
  4. Nutritional
  5. Chromosomal
  6. Chronic disease
  7. Social deprivation/neglect/child abuse