Brain Lecture 2 Flashcards
What does the cerebellum do generally?
Controls motor functions
Where is the basal ganglia and what does it consist of?
Is in the CNS (only ganglia) in CNS, it is a collection of nuclei mainly located in the corpus striatum in the forebrain
It consists of;
In the caudate striatum is the caudate nucleus, putamen and globus pallidus
Together putamen and globus pallidus are called the lentiform nucleus
Other nuclei it consists of are substantia nigra, subthalamic nucleus and nucleus accumbens
What is the function of the basal ganglia?
Doesnt initiate movements
Scales the strength of muscle contractions
Organises the correct sequences of excitation of neurones in motor cortex
Plans ahead for movements
What is the motor loop structure in the basal ganglia?
Inputs of motor loop are substantia nigra and frontal cortex which synapse onto the putamen both FC and SN are excitatory, the putamen is inhibitory.
The putamen then synapses onto the globus pallidus and has an inhibitory output, the subthalamus also has inputs but are excitatory.
This then synapses onto a neurone which leads to the supplementary motor area, the input to this neurone by the neurone in the globus pallidus is inhibitory, this neurone then causes excitatory stimulation in the SMA
What are the 4 lobes?
Temporal, occipital, frontal, parietal
What are the 2 sensory pathways?
Spinothalamic tract and dorsal column
Where is the motor cortex?
Right in front of (rostral to) the central sulcus
Where is the somatosensory cortex?
Caudal to (behind) the central sulcus
What do brocas area and wernickes area control?
Brocas area ( speaking) Wernickes area (understanding speech)
How many layers of cells in cerebral cortex?
6
What is the function of the hippocampus?
Learning and memory
