Cell Cycle Flashcards
Define the term ‘cytokinesis’
Cytoplasmic division that follows nuclear division, resulting in two new daughter cells.
Define the term ‘interphase’
Phase of cell cycle where the cell is not dividing; it is subdivided into growth and synthesis phases.
Define the term ‘mitosis’
Type of nuclear division that produces daughter cells generically identical to each other and to the parent cell.
What is apoptosis?
Programmed cell death
What is senescence?
Where the cell can no longer divide
To reproduce cells, what do cells do in simple terms?
They duplicate and split into two daughter cells.
Mitosis is a type of ….. …..
Nuclear division
Mitosis is made up of what two general parts?
Nuclear division and cytokinesis
What is the phase between mitosis called?
Interphase
What is generally happening in interphase as a whole?
Elaborate preparations are born made for cell division- it is a carefully controlled and ordered sequence of events with checkpoints.
List in order the stages of the cell cycle
Gap1- G1 phase (GapO- G0 phase) S Phase- Synthesis Gap2- G2 Phase Mitosis
What are the two main checkpoints in the cell cycle, in interphase?
The G1/S phase- also known as the restriction point. G2/M checkpoint.
Aside from the two main checkpoints in the cell cycle, what are two other, less dominant checkpoints?
Early G1 and halfway through mitosis.
What are the four purposes of the checkpoints in the cell cycle?
- ensure the cell cycle can’t be reversed
- prevent uncontrolled division that could cause tumours
- ensure DNA’s only duplicated once in each cycle
- detect and repair any damage caused to the DNA
At the M phase of the cell cycle, list the three events that take place in the cell.
- cell growth stopped
- cytokinesis
- nuclear division that’s split into four stages- prophase/ metaphase/ anaphase/ telophase