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A Level - Chemistry > 3: Oxidation Numbers > Flashcards

3: Oxidation Numbers Flashcards

1
Q

What is oxidation?

A

Loses electrons or increase in oxidation number

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2
Q

What is reduction?

A

Gains electrons or decrease in oxidation number

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3
Q

What is the oxidation number of uncombined elements and explain?

A

0

Haven’t accepted or donated any electrons

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4
Q

What is the oxidation number of a monotomic ion?

A

Same as it’s charge

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5
Q

What is the oxidation number of a molecular ion?

A

Sum of the oxidation numbers of each atom equals the overall charge

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6
Q

What is the oxidation number of a neutral compound?

A

Sum of the oxidation numbers is 0

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7
Q

What is the oxidation number of hydrogen?

A

+1

Except in metal hydrides when its -1, and 0 in H2

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8
Q

What is the oxidation number of oxygen?

A

-2

Except in peroxides when its -1, and 0 in O2

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9
Q

Where will the electrons be in the ionic half equation for reduction?

A

Reactant + Electrons -> Product

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10
Q

Where will the electrons be in the ionic half equation for oxidation?

A

Reactant -> Product + Electrons

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11
Q

What is the oxidation number of fluorine?

A

-1

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12
Q

In general what are the oxidation numbers of metals?

A

Positive

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13
Q

In general what are the oxidation numbers of non-metals?

A

Negative

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14
Q

What do roman numerals show in a compound?

A

Oxidation number of that ion

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15
Q

What does the suffix -ate suggest?

A

The compound contains oxygen

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16
Q

What charge should you assume is on a compound if one is not given?

A

0

17
Q

What charge is a cation and anion?

A

Cation - positively charged

Anion - Negatively charged

18
Q

What does redox mean?

A

Reduction and oxidation is occurring simultaneously

19
Q

What is an oxidising agent?

A

Something that gets reduced and causes something to get oxidised

20
Q

What is a reducing agent?

A

Something that gets oxidised and causes something to get reduced

21
Q

What occurs to the oxidation number when one electron is lost?

A

Increases by 1

22
Q

What occurs to the oxidation number when one electron is gained?

A

Decreases by 1

23
Q

What do metals normally undergo in a redox reaction?

A

Donate electrons to form positive ions (positive oxidation numbers)

24
Q

What do non-metals normally undergo in a redox reaction?

A

Gain electrons to form negative ions (negative oxidation numbers)

25
Q

What is a disproportionation reaction?

A

Redox reaction where an element from a single species is simultaneously oxidised and reduced

26
Q

When combining half equations what must you ensure with the number of electrons?

A

Same number must be on each side so they can cancel out

27
Q

What can you add to balance redox reactions?

A

Electrons
H+ ions
Water

A Level - Chemistry (26 decks)

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