OA PP Flashcards
1
Q
Osteoarthritis
A
- Articular cartilage
- Bone
- Synovial membrane
- Capsule and ligaments
- Muscles
2
Q
- Articular cartilage
A
- Chondrocytes (the secretory cells that produce a matrix of collagen, proteoglycans and other proteins) are damaged
- Process of normal chondrocyte destruction and re-growth is disrupted allowing water content increases and proteoglycans decrease
- Fibrillation: softening, cracks, fissures, splitting and fragmentation occur
- Water further attracted into cartilage - further flaking of cartilage
- Flakes trapped inside joint space leading to locking and inflammation
3
Q
- Bone
A
- Decreased protection, gets buffered by pressure, hardened and flattened
- Synovial fluid forced in by pressure of weight-bearing = subchondral cysts
- Micro-fractures occur and loose bodies can enter the join space
- Osteophyte formation (extra bone growth) due to bones rubbing together (destruction overtakes repairing)
4
Q
- Synovial membrane
A
- Becomes oedematous
- Decreased secretions
- Reduced nutrition
- Reduced lubrication of articular cartilage
- Synovial membrane becomes less effective leading to more stiffness
5
Q
- Capsule and ligaments
A
Low grade chronic inflammation leads to fibrous degeneration
6
Q
- Muscles
A
Functional limitation and pain inhibition leads to atrophy