Haloalkanes

Question 1

Give some examples of haloalkanes

Answer 1

• Polychloroethene aka polyvinylchloride

* Polytetraflouraethene aka teflon

Question 2

Give some uses if haloalkanes

Answer 2

• solvents
• anesthetics
• refrigerator
• aerosol propellants
• insecticides

Question 3

What are haloalkanes?

Answer 3

Compounds in which one or more hydrogen atoms in an alkane have been replaced by halogen atoms e.g. Chlorine fluorine bromine iodine

Question 4

How do we describe classification?

Answer 4

Primary
Secondary
Tertiary

Question 5

Describe this haloalkane:

H3CCl

Answer 5

• this is a gas but most of the haloalkanes are liquids
• there are van der Vaals forces and dipole dipole forces to consider
• the C-Cl is covalent
• C and Cl have partial charges

• the chlorine atom has an unpaired electron in orbitals and a free radical

Question 6

What do CFCs do?

Answer 6

Damage the ozone layer and we are cutting down on them as they’re harmful

Question 7

What function does a haloalkane have in a refrigerator?

Answer 7

Pumped in to cool heat comes out back

Question 8

What are the nomenclature rules:

Answer 8

• The prefixes fluoro chloro broom and iodo are used to indicate the halogen present
• numbers are used if needed to show which carbon the halogen is bonded
• if more than one of the same halogen atom is present use di, tri, or tetra
• if different halogens are present they are listed alphabetically

Question 9

Describe the ozone layer

Answer 9

• Ozone is O3 and forms naturally in the atmosphere
• the ozone layer protects us from harmful UV radiation
• CFCs chlorofluorocarbons are believed to be destroying the layer forming a hole in it e.g. CCl2F2 exposed to UV radiation
• HFCs are mostly used today e.g. CHF3/ CH3F etc

Question 10

Write down the chain reaction so a small number of free radicals can remove a lot of ozone

Answer 10

O3 + Cl• –> ClO• + O2
ClO• + O3 –> 2O2 + Cl•
I.e. 2O3–> 3O2