BL S7 Autonomic Nervous System Flashcards
Where are sympathetic / parasympathetic, autonomic preganglionic neurone cell bodies found in the CNS?
Lateral horn in T1 to L2 cord segments.
Parasympathetic - S2-S4 cord segments and brain stem.
What are the four ways efferent Sympathetic outflow is achieved?
Ascend the chain
Descend the chain
Synapse at entry level
Traverse the chain
Sympathetic preganglionics that ascend the chain supply what?
How do they get to their targets?
Head and neck
Post ganglionics get to target along blood vessel walls.
Sympathetic preganglionics that synapse at the level of entry supply what?
How do they get to their targets?
Supply dermatomes T1-L2 levels.
Post ganglionics get to targets via T1-L2 spinal nerves.
Sympathetic preganglionics that traverse the chain supply what?
How do they get to their targets?
Supply abdominal viscera.
Post ganglionics get to their targets along blood vessels.
Sympathetic preganglionics that descend the chain supply what?
How do they get to their targets.
Supply lower limbs
Post ganglionics get to their targets through the spinal nerves at levels L3 and below.
Where do PSNS preganglionic neurones typically synapse?
In ganglia close to their target organs.
What does the vagus nerve supply?
Thoracic and abdominal viscera.
How many specialised PS ganglia does the head have?
4
What are the 4 ganglia and what do they recieve and supply from?
Ciliary ganglion - receives pre-Gs from occulomotor nerve and distributes post-Gs to the eye.
Pterygopalatine ganglion - receives pre-Gs from the facial nerve - post-Gs to lacrimal gland.
Submandibular - pre-Gs from facial - post-Gs to sublingual salivary glands.
Otic - pre-Gs from glossopharyngeal - post-Gs to parotid gland.
What is referred pain?
Pain is perceived at a site distant to the source of the pain.
Differentiate between somatic and visceral pain.
Somatic is in bones, joints, muscle and soft tissues whereas visceral is in the internal organs.
