Chapter 8.2 - Exam Review

Question 1

The atmosphere consists mainly of (78%/21%) oxygen and (78%/21%) nitrogen?

Answer 1

• 21%.

- 78%.

Question 2

Temperature and pressure both (increase/decrease) with Altitude?

Answer 2

Decrease.

Question 3

Define partial pressure of oxygen?

Answer 3

Pressure due to the oxygen content of the air.

Question 4

We breathe (oxygen/carbon dioxide) through our lungs and exhale (oxygen/carbon dioxide) as a waste product of metabolism?

Answer 4

• Oxygen.

- Carbon Dioxide.

Question 5

Oxygen is circulated throughout the body via (breathing/the bloodstream)?

Answer 5

The bloodstream.

Question 6

The condition resulting from oxygen starvation is called (hyperventilation/hypoxia)?

Answer 6

Hypoxia.

Question 7

Hypoxia is caused by the (increase/reduction) in the partial pressure of oxygen as Altitude is increased?

Answer 7

Reduction.

Question 8

The common early symptoms of hypoxia are similar to those of mild (alcohol) intoxication. What are they (3)?

Answer 8

• Feelings of well-being.
• Over-confidence.
• Lack of co-ordination.

Question 9

Tingling sensations in the skin, dizziness, dull headache, and an increased pulse rate are common symptoms of (hypoxia and the bends/hypoxia and hyperventilation)?

Answer 9

Hypoxia and Hyperventilation.

Question 10

Blurred vision and a blue colouration of the lips and fingernails which precede loss of consciousness are severe symptoms of (hypoxia/hyperventilation)?

Answer 10

Hypoxia.

Question 11

True or False. Although it is not possible to predict the Altitude at which hypoxia may occur, the symptoms are most marked above 10,000ft and can develop much faster at high Altitudes?

Answer 11

True.

Question 12

Name two ways to combat hypoxia apart from flying in pressurised Aircraft or Aircraft fitted with oxygen systems?

Answer 12

• Fly below 10,000ft (5000 if possible).
• Use oxygen on all night flights above 4000ft to 5000ft.
• Do not smoke.

Question 13

Name two factors which increase a person’s susceptibility to hypoxia?

Answer 13

• Smoking.
• Alcohol.
• Altitude.
• Fatigue.
• Carbon Monoxide Poisoning.

Question 14

On ascent, any gases trapped in the body cavities such as the abdomen and bad teeth, will try and expand under the influence of the (increased/decreased) atmospheric pressure?

Answer 14

Decreased.

Question 15

How can pain in body cavities caused by trapped gases on ascent be relived?

Answer 15

Slowing the rate of ascent or by descending to a lower Altitude.

Question 16

Name two ways in which excess abdominal gas is produced?

Answer 16

• Swallowing Air.
• Eating gas-producing foods.
• Drinking carbonated drinks.

Question 17

At extremes of Altitudes, (carbon dioxide/nitrogen) in the body may come out of solution to form gas bubbles. What condition can occur if these gas bubbles form around the joints or muscles?

Answer 17

• Nitrogen.

- The bends.

Question 18

After scuba diving at depths up to 10 metres (30ft), Pilot should not fly until they have rested for (4 hours/12 hours) at sea level?

Answer 18

4 Hours.

Question 19

Pilot should not fly until they have rested for (4 hours/48 hours) at sea level after diving high requires decompression stops and is more than 4 hours duration?

Answer 19

48 Hours.