Common IV replacement Fluids (Per liter)

Question 1

What accounts for tonicity?

Answer 1

Mainly electrolytes; thus, NS and LR are
both isotonic, whereas 1/2 NS is hypotonic
to serum

Question 2

What happens to the lactate

in LR in the body?

Answer 2

Converted into bicarbonate; thus, LR
cannot be used as a maintenance fluid
because patients would become alkalotic

Question 3

IVF replacement by anatomic
site:
Gastric (NGT)
Biliary
Pancreatic
Small bowel (ileostomy)
Colonic (diarrhea)

Answer 3

D5 1/2 NS + 20 KCl
LR+/-sodium bicarbonate
LR+/-sodium bicarbonate
LR
LR+/-sodium bicarbonate