Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Parasitology > 03. Cestodes: Order cyclophyllidea, Family Taeniidea ( Genera Taenia, Echinococcus) > Flashcards

03. Cestodes: Order cyclophyllidea, Family Taeniidea ( Genera Taenia, Echinococcus) Flashcards

1
Q

Who is the only definitive host of the beef tapeworm? What is the scientific name of the beef tapeworm?

A

Humans are the only DH

Taenia saginata

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Where do the adult tapeworms of Taenia saginata occur in humans?

A

Small intestine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Where do the oncospheres of Taenia saginata hatch from the egg in the host?

A

In the small intestine, it penetrates the intestinal wall and enters the blood stream

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How does a human acquire T. saginata? what life cycle stage does it acquire it at?

A

Raw or poorly cooked beef containing: CYSTICERCI

The oncosphere became a cysticerci in the muscle before the animal was killed for eating

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the process once the cysticercus of Taenia saginata is ingested by the DH/human?

A

Once in the small intestine, the scolex evaginates from the cysticercus and attaches to the wall of the ileum, to begin strobilation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

When does the adult Taenia saginata reach maximum maturity and length in the DH?

A

in 3 moths

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Can cattle become infected with T. saginata by ingesting the cysticerci?

A

NO

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Can humans harbour the metacestodes of T. saginata?

A

NO - the eggs can only hatch in the cow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Are eggs of the family Taeniidae morphologically different?

A

NO - not used for diagnosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Where does the cysticercus of T. saginata develop?

A

in the muscle of the cow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Does Taenia saginata adult worm have hooks?

A

NO - 4 suckers and lacks hooks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Is the Taenia saginata genital pore common or separate?

A

common

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How do we differentiate between T. saginata and T. solium?

A

By looking at the gravid proglottids - T. saginata has ≥15 branches (usually around 20-25)

while T. solium has 14 or less (usually around 14) and they are shorter branches

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the taxonomy of T. solium?

A

Order Cyclophyllidea
Family Taeniidae
Genera Taenia
Species solium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the taxonomy of T. saginata?

A

Order Cyclophyllidea
Family Taeniidae
Genera Taenia
Species saginata

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the hosts of Pork tapewirm (T. solium)

A

Humans are the only definitive host and pigs are intermediate host - no reservoir hosts for this parasite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Which is more dangerous, T. solium or T. saginata? and why?

A

T. solium, because humans can also be the accidental intermediate host, whereby eggs are ingested and this leads to the disease cysticercosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How do T. solium and T. saginata eggs compare?

A

They are morphologically indistinguishable - not used for diagnosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is found in the eggs of Family Taeniidae?

A
  • Surrounded with a thick radially striated brown embrophore

- Inside is an oncosphere with 6 hooklets

20
Q

Who has hooks between T. saginata and T. solium?

A

T. solium

21
Q

What is the morphology of the adult T. solium?

A

Scolex with 4 suckers and 2 circles of hooks

22
Q

What is the condition that arrises if the DH (human) becomes the accidental IH and ingests the eggs of T. solium?

A

Cysticercosis

23
Q

Does cysticercosis only apply to humans?

A

NO

24
Q

How is the infection passed in T. solium? (pigs)

A

by ingesting eggs or gravid proglottids that originates from the feces of an infected individual

25
Q

Where do the oncospheres hatch out of the egg in T. solium?

A

The pig ingests embryonated eggs, and in the pig small intestine, the egg hatches to yield the oncosphere and it will enter circulation

26
Q

What is the disease of cycts in the human brain?

A

Neurocysticercosis

27
Q

What is the clinical diagnosis of T. solium eggs and/or proglottids in human feces?

A

taeniasis

28
Q

Name some types of cysticercosis infections

A

occular cysticercosis
neurocysticercosis
cardio cysticercosis

29
Q

Is treatment of cysticercosis usually effective with anti-parasitic drugs? Of the adult worm?

A

Treatment suboptimal for cysticercosis

Treatment very effective for the adult worm

30
Q

How does Praziquantel work?

A

Increases the permeability of the worm’s membranes toward calcium ions

31
Q

What is the taxonomy of E. granulosus?

A

Order Cyclophyllidae
Family Taeniidae
Genera Echinococcus
Species granulosus

32
Q

What is the taxonomy of E. miltilocularis?

A

Order Cyclophyllidae
Family Taeniidae
Genera Echinococcus
Species multilocularis

33
Q

Is Echnococcus big or small relative to other worms?

A

small (one of the smallest)

34
Q

What is special about Echonococcus spp.?

A

They only have a scolex, a neck and one of each stage of maturation of proglottid (immature, mature and gravid)

35
Q

What are the DH of Echinococcus?

A

domestic dogs and other Canidae

36
Q

What are the IH of Echinococcus?

A

sheep and other hebivores

37
Q

How does Echinococcus effect humans?

A

They are susceptible to the juvenile stage of the parasite, which may develop into a large, fluid filled cyst (hydatid cyst)

38
Q

What is the disease associated with human exposure to the juvenile stage of Echonococcus?

A

Hydatid disease (characterized by hydatid cysts)

39
Q

Describe a hydatid cyst

A
  • Instead of having cysticerci, they have hydatid cysts, which contain multiple brood capsules containing the protoscolices.
  • the cyst is filled with hydatid fluid (HF) and consists of multiple layers
40
Q

What is another name for Hydatid disease?

A

Echinococcosis

41
Q

T/F E. multilocularis occurs in the Northern hemisphere

A

true

42
Q

What is caused by Echinococcus granulosus?

A

cystic echinococcosis

43
Q

What is caused by Echinococcus multilocularis?

A

alveolar schinococcosis

44
Q

What stage of development of cestodes causes Human echonococcosis?

A

The larval stages

45
Q

What is the most common form of treatment for Echinococcosis?

A

Surgery, although it is not always 100% effective + medication postoperatively

46
Q

How does albendazole work?

A

Albendazole causes degenerative alterations in the tegument and intestinal cells of the worm by binding to tubulin, which inhibits its assembly into microtubules

Parasitology (27 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions