R&A Part 2 - Informal Fallacies (Definitions 1st)

Question 1

Moves between two or more different meanings/interpretations of one word when only one definition is required for validity.

Answer 1

Equivocation

Question 2

Attempts to discredit an argument by drawing attention to the circumstances or situation of the opponent.

Answer 2

Circumstantial ad Hominem

Question 3

Assuming a causal link when there is no need to.

Answer 3

False Cause

Question 4

Attempt to gain acceptance of a view by invoking popular opinion.

Answer 4

Appeal to People

Question 5

Exploits ambiguity in an entire sentence rather than the word with a double meaning.

Answer 5

Amphiboly

Question 6

Attempts to discredit a view by pointing to an inconsistency in those who hold the view.

Answer 6

Tu Quoque

Question 7

Involving the opinion of a person or group of people that have no special claim to the truth of the subject at hand.

Answer 7

Appeal to Unreliable Authority

Question 8

A refutation of a view that misrepresents/oversimplifies.

Answer 8

Straw Man Fallacy

Question 9

A personal attack on one with an opposing view.

Answer 9

Abusive ad Hominem

Question 10

Asking a question that contains an unwarranted assumption.

Answer 10

Complex Question

Question 11

An inference made from the properties of parts to the properties of a whole.

Answer 11

Composition

Question 12

An argument against a person.

Answer 12

Argumentum ad Hominem

Question 13

The assumption that there are 2 and only 2 alternatives when there are in fact many more.

Answer 13

False Dilemma/Dichotomy

Question 14

To assume the very thing you are trying to prove.

Answer 14

Begging the Question

Question 15

An attempt to advance a view through threatening those that disagree.

Answer 15

Appeal to Force

Question 16

The claim that a statement is true simply because it has not been proven false, and vice versa.

Answer 16

Appeal to Ignorance

Question 17

An inference made from the properties of a whole to the properties of parts.

Answer 17

Division

Question 18

An attempt to advance a view by invoking pity.

Answer 18

Appeal to Pity