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NURS210 > exam 1 > Flashcards

exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

maternal

A

entire pregnancy plus 7 weeks after

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2
Q

neonatal

A

a newborn less than 1 month

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3
Q

perinatal

A

the time around birth, 20th week of gestation to 1-4 weeks after birth

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4
Q

infant

A

the first year of life

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5
Q

maternal morbidity

A

illness or injury in a maternal woman

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6
Q

neonatal mortality

A

death in a neonate per 1,000

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7
Q

perinatal mortality

A

death in a perinatal per 1,000

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8
Q

infancy mortality

A

death in a infant per 1,000

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9
Q

common causes of death in a mother

A

postpartum hemorrhage
sepsis
hypertensive pregnancy/CVD
unsafe abortion

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10
Q

zygote

A

fertilized ovum

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11
Q

mitosis

A

produces cells for growth and tissue repair

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12
Q

meiosis

A

produces reproductive cells

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13
Q

gametes

A

ovum and sperm

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14
Q

gametogenesis

A

production of gametes

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15
Q

oogenesis

A

production of ovum/oocyte

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16
Q

fertiization

A

ovum and sperm unite

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17
Q

amnion

A

innermost enclosure of embryo

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18
Q

chorion

A

outermost enclosure of embryo

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19
Q

two main factors of breast cancer

A

gender

age

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20
Q

suspicious family hx of breast cancer

A 
2-3 affected
bilateral br ca
2 or more generations
under 40
any male member
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21
Q

normal menses

A 
2-8 days of bleeding
no more often than 21-23 days
up to 8 pads per day/less than 1 pad per hour
clots smaller than plum
no symptoms of hemodynamic instability
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22
Q

irregular menstrual bleeding

A

vries by 20 days

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23
Q

infrequent menstrual bleeding

A

1-2 menses in 90 days

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24
Q

frequent mensetrual bleeding

A

more than 4 per 90 day period

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25
Q

dysmenorrhea

A

painful periods

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26
Q

amenorrhea

A

absence of periods

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27
Q

abnormal uterine bleeding

A

erratic or post coital

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28
Q

myotoma

A

fibroids

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29
Q

main pH of vagina

A

4.4

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30
Q

main bacteria of vagina

A

lactus bacillus

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31
Q

when does PMS HAPPEN

A

luteal phase

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32
Q

symptoms of PMS

A 
mood changes
bloating
brest tenderness
headache
constipation
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33
Q

treatment of PMS

A

ibuprofen
calcium or b6
exercise

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34
Q

menopause defined

A

1 year with NO period

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35
Q

vasomotor instability

A

hot flash and night sweats

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36
Q

symptoms of bacterial vaginosis

A

odor

discharge esp after intercourse

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37
Q

treatment for BV

A

metronidazol for 1 wk

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38
Q

yeast infection symptoms

A

itch

discharge

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39
Q

trichomoniasis symptoms

A

frothy
yellow discharge
itchy

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40
Q

treatment for trich

A

metronidazol

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41
Q

diagnosis for vaginitis

A 
history
PE
pH
nucleic acid probe
WHIFF culture test
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42
Q

what is PMDD

A

luteal depressive disorder

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43
Q

symptoms of PMDD

A

matches PMS but extreme

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44
Q

treatment for PMDD

A

SSRI

cognitive behavioral therapy

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45
Q

what is endometriosis

A

endometrium cells outside of the uterus that still responds like every other endometrial cell

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46
Q

diagnosis of endometriosis

A

surgery or symptoms

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47
Q

endometriosis treatment includes

A

surgery
OCP
GnRH antagonist
progestin OCP

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48
Q

what is infertility

A

trying for over 1 yr with no pregnancy

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49
Q

testing for infertility

A

tubal potency (HSG)
ovulation (LH levels)
sperm count
Huhners (post coital)

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50
Q

what does estrogen do to LH and FSH?

A

inhibits FSH

stimulates LH

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51
Q

what does estrogen do to follicles?

A

help mature follicles

52
Q

what is estrogen associated with?

A

female characteristics

53
Q

what is progesterone associated with?

A

maintaining pregnancy

54
Q

what does progesterone do to the cervical mucus?

A

thickens

55
Q

what are the phases of the uterine cycle

A

menstruation
proliferative phase
secretory phase
ischemic phase

56
Q

what happens during the menstrual phase?

A

menses!

57
Q

what happens during the proliferative phase?

A

blood vessel dilation
thicken of endometrium
thinning of cervical mucus

58
Q

what happens during the secretory phase?

A

after ovulation
vascularity increases
progesterone grows the endometrium

59
Q

what happens during the ischemic phase

A

after the ovum is not fertilized –

estrogen and progesterone diminish
vascularity diminishes

60
Q

what days are the follicular phase

A

1-14

61
Q

what days are the luteal phase

A

15-28

62
Q

what happens during the follicular phase

A

FSH matures the follicle

follicle produces estrogen

63
Q

what happens during the luteal phase

A

ovum leaves follicle
corpus luteum develops under LH
corpus luteum produces high levels of progesterone and low levels of estrogen

64
Q

what days do the menstrual phase happen

A

1-6

65
Q

what days do the proliferative phase happen

A

7-14

66
Q

what days do the secretory phase happen

A

15-26

67
Q

what days do the ischemic phase happen

A

27-28

68
Q

what does the hypothalamus secrete

A

GNRH

69
Q

what does the anterior pituitary secrete

A

LH and FSH

70
Q

what is FSH primarily responsible for

A

follicle maturation

71
Q

what happens as the follicle matures?

A

estrogen is released – helps with proliferation and rebuilding as well

72
Q

what does LH do

A

allows estrogen to reduce and progesterone to become dominate before ovulation

73
Q

autonomy

A

respecting your patients choice

74
Q

beneficence

A

what will benefit my patient?

75
Q

justice

A

equal and fair distribution of care

76
Q

nonmalifecence

A

do no harm

77
Q

what age is no consent for mental health and substance abuse?

A

13 and up

78
Q

what age is no consent for contraception or abortion

A

ANY age

79
Q

what age is no consent for std or stis?

A

14 and older

80
Q

if a patient is less than 12, what age is it legal for their partner?

A

less than 24 months

81
Q

if a patient is older than 12, but no older than 14, what age is it legal for their partner?

A

less than 36 months

82
Q

if a patient is 16 and up – what age is it legal for their partner?

A

no more than 5 years older, and it cannot be a supervisory relationship

83
Q

sexual interactions for ages:

12 and under - 14
14-16
and 16-18

follows

A

under 12 - 14 no more than 36 mos
14-16 no more than 48 mos
16-18 no more than 60 mos

84
Q

chlamydia and gonorrhea diagnosis

A

swabs - cervical, vaginal, penile

urine

85
Q

how do you do a STD urine specimen?

A

dirty catch only to the line!!

86
Q

what are symptoms of chlamydia and gonorrhea?

A

abdominal pain
penile or vaginal discharge
burning with and without urination
scrotal pain

87
Q

what is pelvic inflammatory disease?

A

inflammation of fallopian tube

88
Q

what does pelvic inflammatory disease lead to?

A

scarring and adhesions
infertility
ectopic pregnancy

89
Q

what is pelvic inflammatory disease caused by?

A

uncontrolled STD… many other factors - but pertains to sexual activity and unprotected sex

90
Q

what can treat pelvic inflammatory disease?

A

metronidazole
doxycycline

antibiotics

91
Q

what cures syphillis?

A

penicillin!!!

92
Q

what can treat gonorrhea and chlamydia?

A

antibiotics
doxycycline (not ok for pregnancy)
azithromyocin (orally)
cetrofiaxone (IM injection)

93
Q

what kind of treatment is good for herpes?

A

anti retrovirals

94
Q

diagnosis of HSV

A

swab of a moist lesion within 72 hours
blood work – IgM or IgG

USUALLY IGG!! IgM occurs very quickly and is sometimes hard to miss

95
Q

treatment of condyloma accuminta

A

tricholoronic acid
cryotherapy
excision
laser

iminquoid! aldara

96
Q

what are the recommendations for pap smears?

A

every 3 years for 21 to 65

every 5 for women 30-65 for cytology and HPV

97
Q

epididymitis symptoms

A

horrible pain

98
Q

epididymitis leads to

A

scarring

infertility

99
Q

what usually leads to epididymitis after age 30

A

BPH and urinary bacterial exposure

100
Q

what helps epididymitis?

A

azithromyocin

101
Q

when is spontaneous abortion most likely to happen?

A

conception to 20 weeks

102
Q

what is the first trimester

A

last menstrual period to 12 weeks

103
Q

second trimester

A

12 weeks to 28 weeks

104
Q

third trimester

A

28 to 40 wks

105
Q

when is it considered term?

A

37 to 38 weeks

106
Q

what is considered late preterm

A

34 to 37 weeks

107
Q

what is full term

A

40 wks

108
Q

when can pregnancy be diagnosed?

A

wk 4

109
Q

what is the impact of teratogens?

A

timing
type
dose and toxicity

110
Q

what is combined hormonal contraceptives?

A

estrogen and progesterone

111
Q

what are the types of combined hormonal contraceptives?

A

pill
nuva ring
evra patch

112
Q

what are contraindications for the hormonal pill?

A

CVD
BRCA
endometrial cancer

113
Q

warning for hormonal contraceptives?

A 
ACHES
abdominal pain due to liver tumor
chest pain from PE and MI
headaches from stroke
eye sight with spots
severe leg cramps
114
Q

how does hormonal contraceptives work?

A

helps suppress ovulation

115
Q

what is plan b?

A

progestin pill!!!!

116
Q

what is progestin best for?

A

cvd patients

BF women

117
Q

in terms of bleeding, what does progestin cause?

A

irregular bleeding

118
Q

what are the forms of progestin only contraception?

A

OCP
IUD
emergency
depo provera

119
Q

what are the types of IUD?

A

copper and hormonal

120
Q

what does the copper IUD do for bleeding?

A

increases pain

increases bleeding

121
Q

how does the copper IUD work?

A

spermicide

122
Q

how does the progestin IUD work for bleeding?

A

decreases pain and bleeding
amenorrhea
irregularities!

123
Q

contraindications for IUD

A

PID
ectopic pregnancy
uterine anomoly

124
Q

what needs to be done before IUD insertion?

A

STD test and pregnancy test

125
Q

how does a non copper IUD work

A

atrophies the endometrium

126
Q

how does the nexplanon implant work?

A

no ovulation – thickens mucus for no sperm to get through

127
Q

how does hormonal contraception work?

A

no ovulation
atrophies the endometrium
thickens the mucus

NURS210 (9 decks)

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