Paper 1 Vocabulary

Question 1

Define: dipthong

Answer 1

two vowel sounds (rather than one) occurring in the same syllable e.g. ‘reign’

Question 2

Define: fricative

Answer 2

• voiced: v, th (e.g. then)
• unvoiced: f, th (e.g theatre)
• airy effect

Question 3

Define: plosive

Answer 3

• p, b, t, d, k, g

- abrupt, sharp, sometimes shocking effect

Question 4

Define: sibilant

Answer 4

• s, sh, x

- effect depends on context: soft, hissing, or sinister

Question 5

Define: liquids

Answer 5

• l
• can flow, creating a sense of quick, light movement
• can sound thick, heavy when combined with dull sounds e.g. ‘laddle’

Question 6

Define: phonetic symbolism

Answer 6

using words with the same sounds and associated meaning, e.g. gleam, glare, glitter.

Question 7

Define: onomatopoeia

Answer 7

word that imitates or suggests the sound that it describes

- we hear the sound it describes

Question 8

Define: alliteration

Answer 8

repetition of a consonant sound

• renders flow and beauty to writing
• draws attention

Question 9

Define: assonance

Answer 9

repetition of vowel sounds

• creates internal rhyme
• helps develop a mood

Question 10

Define: caesura

Answer 10

natural pause in a line of poetry:

• initial - occurs in first half of line
• medial - occurs in middle of line
• terminal - occurs at end of line

Question 11

Define: closed vowel

Answer 11

vowel sound is closed/shortened e.g. ‘a’ in ‘cat’

Question 12

Define: open vowel

Answer 12

vowel sound is opened/lengthened e.g. ‘o’ in ‘open’

Question 13

Name the 8 parts of speech.

Answer 13

• adjective
• verb
• preposition
• article
• adverb
• noun
• conjunction
• pronoun

Question 14

Define: adjective

Answer 14

describing word e.g. small, big

Question 15

Define: verb

Answer 15

doing word e.g. fly, walk, run

Question 16

Define: preposition

Answer 16

denotes position e.g. under, on

Question 17

Define: article

Answer 17

a type of adjective always used with a noun:

• definite article: ‘the’ = specific
• indefinite article: ‘a’ = general

Question 18

Define: adverb

Answer 18

words that add description to a verb

Question 19

Define: noun

Answer 19

a thing or idea e.g. book, oven, truth

Question 20

Define: conjunction

Answer 20

a word that joins two clauses together e.g. and, but

Question 21

Define: pronouns

Answer 21

substitute for a noun e.g. I, you, he, she, it

Question 22

Name the 4 types of sentence.

Answer 22

• statement
• exclamation
• question (interrogative)
• command (imperative)

Question 23

Define: eye rhyme

Answer 23

words that are spelled alike but which do not actually rhyme e.g. ‘love’, ‘prove’

Question 24

Define: feminine rhyme

Answer 24

rhymes that contain 2+ rhyming syllables, ending on an unstressed one e.g. ‘hollow’, ‘follow’ ; ‘measure’, ‘leisure’

Question 25

Define: masculine rhyme

Answer 25

rhyming words that contain single stressed syllable e.g. ‘hill’, ‘still’ ; ‘produced’, ‘reduced’

Question 26

Define: imperfect rhyme

Answer 26

words that do not quite rhyme and so produce a sense of discord e.g. ‘soul’, ‘wall’

• avoids sing songv feel
• provide subtle discordant note

Question 27

Define: allegory

Answer 27

abstract ideas and principles described in terms of characters (but a complete narrative not just one thing because that would be a symbol)

• to add different layers of meanings
• allows writers to put forward their moral and political point of views

Question 28

Define: mood

Answer 28

evokes certain feelings in readers through words and descriptions

• developed through setting, theme, tone, diction
• an integral part of communicating the message

Question 29

Define: tone

Answer 29

attitude of writer towards subject or audience

- lends shape and life to a piece of literature because it creates a mood