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Cognitive > Introduction to cognitive > Flashcards

Introduction to cognitive Flashcards

1
Q

Dr. Smith believes that overt, observable behaviour is the only valid way that we can study people. Dr. Smith is a _____________

A

Behaviourist

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2
Q

Representations are …

A

The form information is stored in the mind

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3
Q

Is the P300 ERP a measure or concept ?

A

measure

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4
Q

Is amnesia a measure or concept?

A

concept

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5
Q

Is blink rate a measure or concept?

A

measure

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6
Q

Is frequency of laughter a measure or concept?

A

measure

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7
Q

Is overconfidence a measure or concept?

A

concept

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8
Q

Is percent accuracy a measure or concept?

A

measure

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9
Q

Is working memory a measure or concept?

A

concept

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10
Q

Is attention a measure or concept ?

A

concept

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11
Q

Are hesitations a measure or concept?

A

measure

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12
Q

Is top down processing a measure or concept ?

A

concept

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13
Q

Are confidence judgements a measure or concept ?

A

measure

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14
Q

Is reaction time a measure or concept ?

A

measure

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15
Q

Is recognition memory a measure or concept ?

A

concept

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16
Q

Is happiness a measure or concept ?

A

concept

17
Q

What is a core principle of cognitive psychology ?

A

Information processing

18
Q

Dr. Jones believes that studying in the morning enhances memory. She uses Ebbinghaus’s word recall task with two groups of students and find that those that study in the morning don’t recall more words. Is this theory correct?

A

The theory may be correct, the data contradicts it

  • It’s a plausible theory, the data contradicts it, but it doesn’t mean the theory is wrong.
  • Can’t say paradigm is perfectly aligned to her theory, or that the theory is definitely correct/wrong
19
Q

What is a paradigm?

A

A commonly used experimental design

20
Q

What are the challenges of studying cognition?

A
  • Key concept= using objective measures (e.g. speed, accuracy) to make inferences about representations
  • therefore cognition is a challenge to study because you cannot directly measure the thing that you are making theories about
21
Q

Are all schemas representations?

A

All schemas are representations, but not all representations are schema

22
Q

What is cognitive psychology?

A

The scientific study of mental processes, from perception, attention, memory, language, judgement and decision making, reasoning etc..
to creativity, learning, consciousness, animal

23
Q

What is cognition?

A
  • cognition is a function
  • thought is invisible and intangible
  • therefore we can only gather data that we can objectively verify and make inferences about i
24
Q

What are the philosophical foundations of cognitive psychology?

A
  • Behavioursim
    and
    -Information processing
25
Q

What is behaviourism?

A

Two twin ideas:

1) an idea that there is no mind = shouldn’t talk about mental states and try and make theories about what people say they think- should look at the observable
2) a method: build psychology by measuring only the observable (skinner)

26
Q

What is information processing ?

A

Thinking about the mind as an information processor

- Take input info in - transform it = way to understand the mind

27
Q

What is the difference between data and theory?

A
  • Data= evidence

- Theory = claims about what the data means

28
Q

What are representations ?

What is the centrality of representations? (why are they important to cognitive psychology)

A
  • The form that the information is stored in
    (Therefore understanding representations = how they are created, stored, transformed, how produce output
    Memory, perception etc. can be thought of what you do with representations e.g. memory storing representations)
29
Q

What do representations allow you to do?

A

Allow you to impose structure on variable information, as you can’t store raw perceptions because they have no meaning

30
Q

What did Newell do ? How did he affect the methological approach of cognitive psychology ?

A

Newells recommendations for progress in psychology:
- said psych work at the time was a good idea but will never go anywhere/help us understand the mind
- claimed we need to build theories
- its about the theories and processing that account for multiple phenomena
-

31
Q

What were Newells suggestions?

A
  • Formal models to be precise specification between input and output
  • Models of cognition, not of tasks. Should be modelling complex tasks
  • General models= model that is the same theory that you can apply to multiple tasks
32
Q

How does cognitive psychology work?

A

experiments- paradigms & models - theories

Cognitive (9 decks)

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