Reproductive Systems Flashcards
What are the two functions of the gonads?
Produce reproductive cells and secrete specific sex hormones.
What are the primary sex characteristics of a male and a female?
Male: Penis and testes.
Female: Uterus and ovaries.
Which hormones are responsible for the development of the secondary sex characteristics and when do these characteristics begin to develop?
Anatomical changes occur with puberty and are triggered by testosterone in males and estrogen and progesterone in females.
What does the Cowper’s gland do?
Clears the urethra of acidic urine.
What are the vas deferentia?
Tubes connecting the epididymis to the urethra.
What is the difference between the seminal vesicles and the seminiferous tubules?
Tubules support and nourish sprematogenic cells and are found inside the testes while the vesicles are found at the base of the bladder and secrete a fluid to help the sperm survive in the female body.
List the 4 components in the fluid secreted by the seminal vesicles.
Fructose, citric acid, hormones(prostaglandins), mucous.
Where does spermatogenesis occur? Oogenesis?
Spermatogenesis occurs in the seminiferous tubules in the testes. Oogenesis occurs in the follicles in the ovaries.
What hormones from the pituitary are involved in the the reproductive system and what does each do?
FSH: Stimulates spermatogenesis and testosterone secretion in males, stimulates follicle maturation in females and estrogen production.
LH: Stimulates testosterone production in males, stimulates follicle maturation in females and maintains the corpus luteum, stimulates progesterone production and controls ovulation.
ICSH: Stimulates secretion of testosterone in the testes in males.
GnRH: Acts to release FSH and LH.
What is the site of fertilization? Implantation?
Fertilization occurs in the fallopian tubes, implantation occurs in the endometrium of the uterus.
List the ovarian hormones and what they do.
Estrogen is secreted by the follicle and corpus luteum. It builds up the uterine lining. Progesterone is secreted by the corpus luteum and maintains the uterine lining.
