Chapter 5 Civil Rights

Question 1

Civil Rights

Answer 1

Rights that guarantee individuals freedom from discrimination. These rights are usually grounded in the equal protection clause of the 14th Amendment and more specifically laid out in laws passed by congress, such as the 1964 Civil Rights Act

Question 2

Jim Crow Laws

Answer 2

State and local laws that mandated racial segregation in all public facilities in the South, many border states, and some northern communities between 1`876 and 1964

Question 3

“Separate but equal” Doctrine

Answer 3

The idea that racial segregation was acceptable as long as the separate facilities were of equal quality; supported by Plessy v. Ferguson and struck down by Brown v. Board of Education

Question 4

Protectionism

Answer 4

The idea under which some people have tried to rationalize discriminatory policies by claiming that some groups, like women or African Americans, should be denied certain rights for their own safety or well being.

Question 5

de jure

Answer 5

relating to actions or circumstances that occur “by law” such as the legally enforced segregation of schools in the American south before the 1960s.

Question 6

De facto

Answer 6

Relating to actions or circumstances that occur outside the law or “by fact”, such as segregation of schools that resulted from housing patterns and other factors rather than from laws.

Question 7

Rational Basis test

Answer 7

the use of evidence to suggest that differences in the behavior of two groups can rationalize unequal treatment of these groups.

Question 8

Strict Scrutiny Test

Answer 8

Cases involving “suspect classification” (race, ethnicity, creed, or national origin). pg. 145-146