Topic 8 - Exchange and Transport in Animals Flashcards
What is the calculation for cardiac output?
cardiac output = heart rate x stroke volume
What are the 3 types of blood vessel?
arteries, capillaries, veins
Word equation for aerobic respiration?
glucose + oxygen —> carbon dioxide + water (+energy)
Word equation for anaerobic respiration?
glucose —> lactic acid (+energy)
Word equation for anaerobic respiration in plants?
glucose —> ethanol + carbon dioxide
Describe the shape of an erythrocyte.
bioconcave disc
What is the name of the pigment contained in red blood cells?
haemoglobin
What is the function of haemoglobin in the lungs?
Haemoglobin binds to oxygen to become oxyhaemoglobin.
What is the function of haemoglobin in body tissues?
In body tissues, oxyhaemoglobin splits into oxygen and haemoglobin and oxygen to release oxygen to cells.
How are arteries adapted for carrying blood at high pressure?
They have strong, elastic walls. They contain thick layers of muscle and elastic fibres to make them strong and allow them to stretch and spring back.
They have a small lumen.
Why are the walls of capillaries so thin?
To increase the rate of diffusion by decreasing the distance over which it occurs.
Which blood vessel carries blood into the left atrium?
pulmonary vein
Which blood vessel carries blood to the right ventricle?
pulmonary artery
Which blood vessel carries blood towards the lungs?
pulmonary artery
What is the function of valves?
Valves prevent back flow of blood in the heart.
