Skin

Question 1

_____ is the most convincingly demonstrated infectious cause of Steven-Johnson Syndrome

Answer 1

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Question 2

_____ are the most common precipitants of SJS and TEN.

Answer 2

Drugs (sulfonamides, NSAIDs, antibiotics, anticonvulsants)

Question 3

The skin lesions in SJS are typically more widespread than in erythema multiforme and are accompanied by involvement of ≥ 2 mucasal surfaces, namely _____.

Answer 3

eyes
oral cavity
upper airway
GI tract
anogenital mucosa

Question 4

Early Signs of SJS

Answer 4

burning sensation
edema
erythema of lips and buccal mucosa

Question 5

Late Signs of SJS

Answer 5

bullae
ulceration
hemorrhagic crusting

Question 6

_____ is minimal to absent in SJS.

Answer 6

skin tenderness

Question 7

_____ is the most severe disorder in the clinical spectrum of the disease, involving constitutional toxicity and extensive necrolysis of the mucous membranes and > 30 % of the body surface area.

Answer 7

Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis

Question 8

Management of SJS is _____.

Answer 8

supportive and symptomatic

Question 9

In SJS, systemic antibiotics are indicated for _____ because infection is the leading cause of death.

Answer 9

urinary or cutaneous infections
suspected bacteremia (S. aureus, P. aeruginosa)

Question 10

_____ should be considered early in the course of SJS.

Answer 10

IVIG

Question 11

_____ is characterized by the infection and inflammation of loose connective tissue, with limited involvement of the dermis and relative sparing of the epidermis.

Answer 11

Cellulitis

Question 12

_____ are the most common etiologic agents of cellulitis.

Answer 12

Streptpcoccus pyogenes

Staphylococcus aureus

Question 13

Cellulitis due to _____ tends to be more localized and may suppurate.

Answer 13

S. aureus

Question 14

Cellulitis due to _____ tend to spread more rapidly and may be associated with lymphangitis.

Answer 14

S. pyogenes

Question 15

Treatment of cellulitis in an infant or child ≤ 5 y.o. should provide coverage for _____.

Answer 15

S. pyogenes
S. aureus
H. influenzae Type B
S. pneumoniae

Question 16

Cellulitis is treated with _____.

Answer 16

Oxacillin

Nafcillin

Question 17

_____ is a subcutaneous tissue infection that involves the deep layer of superficial fascia but largely spares adjacent epidermis, deep fascia and muscle.

Answer 17

Necrotizing Fasciitis

Question 18

The majority of cases of necrotizing fasciitis are _____ in nature.

Answer 18

polymicrobial

Question 19

The organisms most commonly associated with necrotizing fasciitis are _____.

Answer 19

S. aureus
Streptococcal species
Klebsiella species
E. coli
Anaerobes

Question 20

The most fulminant cases of necrotizing fasciitis are usually caused by _____.

Answer 20

S. pyogenes

Question 21

Early clinical findings of _____ include ill-defined cutaneous erythema and edema that extends beyond the area of erythema.

Answer 21

Necrotizing Fasciitis

Question 22

Vesiculation or bulla formation, ecchymoses, crepitus, anesthesia and necrosis are ominous signs indicative of advanced _____.

Answer 22

Necrotizing Fasciitis

Question 23

Definitive diagnosis of necrotizing fasciitis is made by _____.

Answer 23

surgical exploration

Question 24

Necrotizing fasciitis is treated with _____.

Answer 24

early supportive care
surgical debridement
parenteral antibiotics