Prokaryotic Cells And Viruses

Question 1

Compare prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

Answer 1

In P there’s no nucleus, whereas in E there’s s distinct nucleus with a nuclear envelope

In P dna is not associated with proteins, whereas in E dna is associated with proteins called histones

P contains no membrane bounded organelles. E contains membrane bound organelles

In P there are no chloroplasts, only bacterial chlorophyll associated with the cell surface membrane in some bacteria. Chloroplasts are present in E

In P ribosomes are smaller (70s). In E they are 80s

In P cell wall is made of murein. In E mostly made of cellulose

In P May contain a capsule. In E there’s no capsule

Question 2

What is bacteria cell wall made up of

Answer 2

Murein

Question 3

What organelles are found in the bacteria cell? What’s there function

Answer 3

Flagellum - makes cell move (not all have it)

Genetic material - compromises a large circle of dna

Cytoplasm - has no membrane bounded organelles, contains enzymes and other soluble materials

Ribosomes- smaller then eukaryotic cells

Capsule - helps protect bacteria from attack by cells ( made up of slime)

Cell wall- supports cell and prevents from changing shape

Plasma membrane - controls what goes in and out of cell

Plasmid - small loops of dna, not always in them.

Question 4

What are viruses

Answer 4

Nucleic acids surrounded by protein - not alive

Question 5

What is in a virus structure

Answer 5

Genetic material (dna or rna)

Capsid-Protein coat around core

Attachment proteins - let virus cling onto a suitable host cell

Question 6

What do viruses do

Answer 6

Invade and reproduce inside the cells of other organisms, known as host cells