6.6 Karyotypes Flashcards
What is a karyotpe?
An image of chromosomes from a cell arranged in an organised matter that can identify chromosome abnormalities
What is a cytogeneticist?
A scientist who specialised in the study of human karyotypes
What is down syndrome?
A chromosomal disorder where an extra n21 chromosome from a seperate chromosme (trisomy) or attached to another chromosome (translocation DS)
What is deletion?
A type of chromosome change in which part of a chromosome is lost
What changes can occur in chromosomes?
-changes in total number of chromosomes
-changes involving part of one chromosome
-changed arrangements of chromosomes
What is trisomy?
3 copies of a chromosome instead of a pair
What is monosomy?
One member of a pait of chromosomes is missing; causes embryotic death except when involved with allosomes
What is nondisjunction?
The failure of one or two pairs of chromosomes to seperated during division
What is duplication?
When part of a chromosome is duplicated
What is translocation?
When part of a chromosomes relocate and connect with another chromosme
Name 3 features to identify homologous chromosomes
-Same centromere position
-Same loci; same pattern of gene
-Same length/size
One homologous chromosome is inherited from mum and the other from dad
