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PE > Chapter 5a-Socio-cultural Influences > Flashcards

Chapter 5a-Socio-cultural Influences Flashcards

1
Q

Social groups

A

People who interact with one another, share similar characteristics and have a sense of unity/togetherness

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2
Q

Engagement patterns

A

Trends/tendencies in involvement

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3
Q

Stereotype

A

Widely held but fixed and oversimplified idea of a particular type of person

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4
Q

Barrier to participation

A

An obstacle that prevents a group within society from participating in sport or physical activity and therefore reduces overall levels of participation

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5
Q

Participation by women

A

Women are less likely to take part in sport due to stereotypical views/lack of media/lack of support/less facilities

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6
Q

Ethnic group

A

A community made up of people who share a common cultural background (racial, religious or cultural)

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7
Q

Ethnic groups (examples)

A
  • Black caribbean
  • Indian
  • Pakistani
  • Bangladeshi
  • Black african
  • Black ‘other’
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8
Q

Participation by ethnicity

A

Less people from ethnic minorities participate in sport due to sterotypical views/cultural expectations/lack of media coverage or role models

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9
Q

Socio-economic group

A

A group’s place within society; depends on a number of factors, including occupation, education, income, wealth and where they live

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10
Q

Post-school drop out

A

The reduction in participation levels in young adults after they leave full time education

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11
Q

Participation by socio-economic groups

A

They have less disposable income so may not take part in sport or can only take part in cheap sports eg football

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12
Q

Participation by age

A

All school children have to do PE, after they leave a lot of people stop doing sport (especially girls). Sports participation is lower in older people as they don’t have an adequate level of physical fitness. More young people are likely to be involved in team sport but more old people are likely to be involved in individual sport

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13
Q

Role model

A

A person looked up to by others as an example to be copied

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14
Q

Peer group

A

A group of people of approximately the same age, status and interests.

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15
Q

Effects on participation by friends and family

A

Can influence positively through support of a performer, (financially) by paying for kit or club fees, providing transport for matches or training, (emotionally) by watching and cheering the child on.
Parents can act as role models for their children.
A lack of family support can be a negative influence on participation

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16
Q

Effects of peer groups on participation

A

Peers exert pressure on friendship groups. There is a tendency to conform to the rest of the group. Can discourage peope from taking part. Can also encourage people to take part

17
Q

Disability

A

A physical or mental condition that limits a person’s movements, senses or activities

18
Q

Integration

A

Involving the full participation of all people in community life, but usually referring to disabled people

19
Q

Adapted sports

A

Competitive sports for individuals with disabilities. While they often parallel existing sports played by able-bodied athletes, there may be some modifications in equiptment and rules to meet the needs of the participants

20
Q

Discrimination

A

The unjust or prejudicial treatment of different groups of people, especially on the grounds of race, age or sex

21
Q

Categories of disability

A
  • Mobility impairments
  • Sensory impairments
  • Mental impairments
22
Q

Benefits of integration

A
  • Reduced possibilities of discrimination
  • Less stereotyping
  • Fewer barriers
23
Q

Benefits or seperate opportunities/adapted sports

A

A greater range of opportunities through specifically designed programmes

24
Q

Examples of adapted sports

A
  • Boccia-A bowls type game, played at the paralympics and suitable for players of all abilities
  • Goalball-An active court game for visually impaired or sighted players
25
Q

Barriers to participation (examples)

A
  • Attitudes
  • Role models
  • Accessibility-to clubs etc
  • Media coverage
  • Sexism/stereotyping
  • Culture/religion/religious festivals
  • Family commitments
  • Available leisure time
  • Familiarity
  • Education
  • Socio-economic factors/disposable income
  • Adaptability/inclusiveness
26
Q

Attitudes

A

An attitude is an opinion about something and means people have a tendency to respond in a certain way to something

27
Q

Effects of attitude

A

Generally learnt from family and friends. A person with a negative attitude won’t take part but a person with a positive attitude will take part. Attitudes can be changed by convincing the person of the benefits of excercise.

28
Q

Effects of role models

A

Role models tend to encourage participation in sport. Role models can be from a sport, from family or from a peer group.

29
Q

Effects of accessibility

A

Some sports need particular facilities eg skiing so are hard to access. Some activities are not accessible because of cost or difficult transport.

30
Q

Effects of media coverage

A

Usually has a positive effect on participation because it generates role models and encourages participation. A lack of media coverage of bad media coverage can have a negative effect on participation

31
Q

Prejudice

A

Preconceived opinion that is not based on reason or actual experience

32
Q

Effects of prejudice

A

May lead to reduced opportunities either through limited access or by individuals choosing not to play. Also ethnic minority groups tend to live in economically deprived areas so have less disposable income to spend on clubs etc

33
Q

Effects of family commitments

A

Individuals may need to look after another member of their family and this may limit opportunities to participate in sport and physical activities

34
Q

Leisure time

A

It is the time people have when they are not working, taking care of themselves or completing their family and home duties

35
Q

Effects of leisure time

A

More leisure time should mean more time for sport but there are still many people who through choice or through necessity have limited leisure time due to other commitments

36
Q

Effects of familiarity

A

Most people tend to get involved in something they already know. Children often choose to participate in the same sport as their parents or role models.

37
Q

Effects of education

A

Compulsory physical education lessons give every child an introduction to activities that they may continue to participate in after leaving school

38
Q

Effects of socio-economic groups

A

They have a lower disposable income to spend on leisure activities. Also they may have less leisure time if they need to work for longer hours. Some activities are associated with certain groups which may lead to discrimination or rejection.

39
Q

Disposable income

A

Income available to be spent or saved as one wishes

PE (10 decks)

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