Gen

Question 1

Hesselbach’s triangle (aka Inguinal triangle)

Answer 1

Medial: Lateral margin of rectus sheath (Linea semilunaris)

Superolateral: Inferior epigastric vessels

Inferior: Inguinal ligament

Sig: Has a depression (Medial inguinal fossa) - through which direct inguinal hernias protrude through the abdominal wall

Question 2

Femoral triangle

Answer 2

Superior: Inguinal ligament

Medial: Medial border of Adductor longus muscle

Lateral: Medial border of Sartorius muscle

Contents (VAN: Medial to Lateral)

i. Femoral n.
ii. Femoral sheath and its contents
iii. Femoral a.
iv. Femoral v.
v. Deep inguinal LNs

Question 3

Femoral ring (~1.25cm) / Femoral canal (Ring is the superior opening to canal)

Answer 3

Anterior: Inguinal ligament

Posterior: Pectineal ligament

Medial: Crescentic base of Lacunar ligament

Lateral: Fibrous septum of medial side of Femoral v.

Canal contains efferent lymphatic vessels and a LN; Hernia from here

Canal is conical in shape (~1.25cm length)

Question 4

Inguinal canal

Answer 4

Anterior: External oblique aponeurosis

Posterior: Conjoint tendon (medially) + Transversalis fascia (laterally)

Roof (Superior): IOM and TAM (transversus abdominis)

Floor (Inferior): Inguinal ligament

Content: Spermatic cord in M; Round ligament of uterus in F; Both have Ilioinguinal n.

~4cm long; Larger size in M than F

Question 5

Spermatic cord

Answer 5

3 arteries = A. to ductus deferens, Testicular a., Cremasteric a.

3 fascial layers = External spermatic, Cremasteric, Internal spermatic fascia

3 nerves = Genital branch of genitofemoral n. (L1/2), sympathetic and visceral afferent fibers, ilioinguinal n.

3 other structures = Pampiniform plexus蔓狀靜脈叢, ductus deferens, testicular lymphatics

*Pampiniform plexus: formed by the union of multiple spermatic veins from the back of the testis and tributaries from the epididymis