Chemical Bonding Flashcards
Electronegativity
A measure of the tendency of an atom to attract a bonding pair of electrons
Covalent bond
A sharing of at least one pair of electrons by two atoms
Non-polar covalent (pure covalent)
An equal sharing of electrons
Polar covalent
Unequal sharing of electrons leading to a dipole forming (as a result of Electronegativity difference)
Ionic bond
A transfer of electrons and subsequent electrostatic attraction
Metallic bonding
Being between a positive kernel and a sea of delocalised electrons
Intermolecular force
A weak force of attraction between molecules or between atoms of noble gases
Dipole
A molecule that has opposite poles (I.e. A polar molecule)
Bond length
The average distance between two nuclei on bonded atoms, corresponding to the lowest energy state of the two atoms
Bond energy
The energy required to separate the bonded atoms completely, I.e. To completely break the bond
London force
A force of attraction between induced dipoles (created from non-polar atoms or molecules)
Dipole-dipole interactions
A force of attraction between permanent dipoles.
Hydrogen bond
A strong dipole-dipole interaction which results in the sharing of a hydrogen atom between two small, highly electronegative atoms
Intramolecular bond
Occur between atoms within molecules
