16.2 Synthetic Routes Flashcards
How do you get from an alkane to a haloalkane?
Halogen/UV
How do you get from an alkene to an alkane?
H2
Ni catalyst
150°C
How do you get from an alkene to a haloalkane?
Hydrogen halide Room temperature (20°C)
How do you get from a haloalkane to an alcohol?
Warm NaOH (aq) or KOH
H2O
Reflux
How do you get from an alcohol to a haloalkane?
Sodium halide
H2SO4
20°C
How do you get from an alkene to an alcohol?
H2O(g)(steam)
H3PO4 (phosphoric acid ) catalyst
300°C
60-70 atm
How do you get from an alcohol to an alkene?
Concentrated H2SO4 or H3PO4
Heat
How do you get from a primary alcohol to a carboxylic acid?
K2Cr2O7 / H2SO4
Reflux
How do you get from a primary alcohol to an aldehyde?
K2Cr2O7 / H2SO4
Distil
How do you get from a secondary alcohol to a ketone?
K2Cr2O7 / H2SO4
Reflux
Define target molecule?
Th compound that the chemist is attempting to prepare by organic synthesis
What are the steps to convert a starting molecule into the target molecule?
Identify the functional groups in your starting and target molecules
Identify the intermediate that links the starting and target molecules
State the reagents and conditions for each step
How do you get from an alkene to a dihaloalkane?
Halogen
20°C
What are the properties of alkanes and their typical reactions?
Non - polar, unreactive
Radical substitution
What are the properties of alkanes and their typical reactions?
Non polar
Electron rich double bond
Electrophilic addition
