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Learning > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Acquistion

A

pairing the CS + US, creates an association

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2
Q

extinction

A

CS only, creates a decrease in response

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3
Q

CS+

A

after conditioning, CS isn’t neutral. It becomes a CS+ which is an exciter

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4
Q

CS-

A

an inhibitor of the CR

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5
Q

Higher order conditioning

A

CS+ + CS –> CR

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6
Q

Trace procedure

A

Forward Temporal Pairing CS comes before US, Short ISI is best

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7
Q

Delayed

A

They overlap. Forward Temporal Contiguity. CS before the US, CS + US end at the same time.

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8
Q

Simultaneous

A

Temporal Contiguity. Begin and end at the same time.

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9
Q

Backward COnditioning

A

Temporal COntiguity. Exciitatory and inhibitory learning. The US comes before the CS.

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10
Q

CS-US Contiguity/ ISI

A

timing, ISI (inter stimulus interval) pause between CS + US, preferred to be short

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11
Q

Rescorlas contingency theory

A

-1 ——————0 ——— 1

-1): CS - (inhibits CR
(0): No relationship, no learning
(+1): CS predicts US, CR prepares

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12
Q

Stimulus features

A

Overshadowing
latent inhibition
blocking
sensory preconditioning

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13
Q

Overshadowing

A
  • compound conditioning
  • CS (salient bell) / CS weak hum) + US (Food)
  • CR becomes established due to the most salient (strongest) CS
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14
Q

Latent Inhibition

A

Step 1: Pre-exposure to CS (odor)

Step 2: CS (familiar odor) + US (shocked) CR (less avoidance)

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15
Q

Blocking

A

Step 1: CS (Bell) + US (Food) –> UR (salivate)
Step 2: CS+ (Bell) / CSnew (light) + US
-won’t learn association between CSnew bc theres an already established CS

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16
Q

Sensory Preconditioning

A

Step 1: CS1 (mason) + CS2 (Tyler) (Associate them with eachother)
Step 2: CS1 (Mason) + US (push) –> UR (unpleasant exp) CR (dislike both CS)

17
Q

Treatment procedures

A

counterconditioning
extinction
systematic desensitization
generalization

18
Q

Counterconditioning

A

CS+ (feared item) + US/CS+ (something positive)

19
Q

Extinction

A

CS+ (dont pair with anything

-incubation can occur due to this (Increase in CR)

20
Q

Systemic desensitization

A

CS+ (feared item) US (relaxation)

21
Q

Generalization

A

you generalize your fear to another stimuli

22
Q

Evaluative Conditioning

A

-changing our evaluation on a stimuous
-ex. CS (characters) + US (sprouts) -> CR (negative)
CR (dislike for character)
-CS (sprouts) +US/CS+ (fav character) -> UR (love)

23
Q

Advertising

A

CS (products) + US or CS+ (characters)

24
Q

Taste Aversion

A
  • only takes one pairing
  • long delay conditioning
  • observational learning
  • CS (food) + US -> (illness/disgust) CR (Change evaluation of food)
25
Q

Fear conditioning

A
  • can be learned through observational learning
  • one time trial
  • fear maintained through operant conditioning
  • CS (rat) + US (Loud noises) -> UR (startle/cry)
26
Q

Fear can return through

A
  • spontaneous recovery
  • renewal
  • reinstatement
27
Q

spontaneous recoery

A

passage of time/no exposure to CS/ fear can return/ extinction can fade

28
Q

renewal

A

-change in context/environment (most preventable

29
Q

reinstatement

A

exposure to an unconditioned sitmulus that is similar to the original can reinstate fear

30
Q

important factors for learning

A
  • contiguity: space between CS and US (short)
  • Contigency: consistency
  • Saliency: Importance/relevance/intensity ( novel stimuli
  • CS (bell/loud/strong) / CS (light/dim/weak) + US
31
Q

Habituation

A
  • repeated exposure to a stimulus -> decrease in repsonse

- stimulus specific

32
Q

dishabituation

A

-after habituation occurs, responding increases bc of new stimulus

33
Q

spontaneous recovery

A
  1. habituation

2. response returns due to time away

34
Q

sensitization

A
  • repeated exposure that elicits and increase in response

ex. crying/loud sound

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