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Embryology > Tooth Development > Flashcards

Tooth Development Flashcards

1
Q

What are the growth factors responsible for the shape of tooth?

A

SHH, FGFs, BMPs, and WNT

*and MSX2 (transcription factor)

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2
Q

extra enamel know express?

A

Fgf4

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3
Q

enamel organ is supported by?

A

basal lamina

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4
Q

outer enamel organ contents

A
  • low cuboidal & high nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio
  • free ribosomes, rER, mitochondria
  • *few scattered TONOFILAMENTS
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5
Q

stellate reticulum are connected to?

**shape?

A

1) each other
2) OUTER enamel epithelim
3) stratum intermedium via desmosomes
* **STAR SHAPED

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6
Q

stratum intermedium connected to?

A

1) each other
2) INNER enamel epithelim
3) stellate reticulum via desmosomes

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7
Q

inner enamel epithelium contents?

A
  • central nucleus
  • *high glycogen content
  • *poorly devel Gogli
  • free ribosomes, rER, mitochondria, some TONOFILAMENTS
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8
Q

enamel organ derived from?

A

oral epithillum via dental lamina

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9
Q

enamel organ determines?

A

shape of crown

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10
Q

enamel organ induced the formation of?

A

dentin

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11
Q

enamel organ establishes the _____ juntion?

A

dentogingival

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12
Q

enamel organ FORMS?

A

enamel of tooth

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13
Q

Stellate reticulum cells secrete? what does this do?

A

Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs)

**GAGs draw water into enamel organ increasing its volume

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14
Q

Stratum intermedium adjacent to?

ssential for?

A
  • adjacent to inner enamel epithelium
  • Essential for enamel formation and mineralization – alkaline phosphatase!!!!
  • *MUST be present or ameloblasts will not secret enamel
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15
Q

Inner enamel epithelium (IEE) differentiates into?

A

ameloblasts (enamel forming cells)

*Initiate dentin formation

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16
Q

during cap stage IEE/ameloblasts forms the?

A

enamel knot

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17
Q

what is hertwigs sheath?

A

place of contact between outer and inner enamel epithelium

*define the SHAPE and FORMATION OF THE ROOT

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18
Q

dentinogenesis

A

odontoblasts produce dentine toward inner ameloblasts

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19
Q

amelogenesis

A

inner ameloblasts produce organis substance of enamel against the dentine, formation of the crown

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20
Q

ameloblasts ____ off the layer of enamel

A

retreat off!!

21
Q

the permenet dentition arises from?

A

dental lamina

22
Q

The tooth germs that give rise to the permanent incisors, canines, and premolars form as a result of further proliferative activity within the??

A

dental lamina at its deepest extremity

23
Q

increased proliferative activity at the dental lamina’s deepest extremity leads to?

A

formation of another tooth bud (permanent) on the lingual aspect of the deciduous tooth germ

24
Q

do the molars of permanent dentition originate the same way as incisors, canines, and premolars?

A

NO! Bc they have no deciduous predecessors

25
Q

When the jaws have grown long enough, the dental lamina burrows posterioly?
WHY?

A

posteriorly beneath the lining epithelium of the oral mucosa into the ectomesenchyme
**This backward extension gives off epithelial outgrowths that, with associated ectomesenchymal response, form the tooth germs of the 1, 2, and 3rd molars

26
Q

the primary epithelial band divides into?
***
which one forms first?

A

1) outer thicker VESTIBULAR LAMINA that is repsonsible for separation of lips/cheeck (**forms second and is in front if DL)
2) inner smaller DENTAL LAMINA which gives rise to teeth!!!

27
Q

asdental lamina grows in length, its penetrates deeper into the?

A

mesenchyme

  • at front of mouth= shelf like
  • back= more vertical
28
Q

mesenchymal tissue surrounding the developing enamel gives rise to?

A

dental lamina (primitive pulp) and follicular sac for each tooth bud

29
Q

What is the tooth germ?

A

the combination of enamel organ, dental papilla, and follicular sac
*ALL THREE

30
Q

enamel organ in bud stage

A
  • simple, spherical

* poorly morpho and histo differentiated

31
Q

bud stage becomes concave on what side?

A

papillary surface/side

32
Q

primary knot determines?

A

the position of the secondary enamel knots corresponding to the site of future CUSPS

33
Q

what is the enamel cord?

**thought to be involved in what two events?

A

strand of cells seen at early bell stage

  • it overlies the incial margin of a tooth or the apex of the first cusp to develop
  • ***thought to be involved in cap to bell process OR the focus for the origin of stellate reticulum cells
34
Q

are permanent molars regarded as part of deciduous series?

A

Yes, but they arise so differently that it is questioned if that is true

35
Q

what is the cervical loop?

A

where the inner and outer layers of the bell stage curve and MEET
**the ACTIVE SITE of cellular proliferation until the ENTIRE TOOTH is mapped out

36
Q

the vestibular lamina band growth occurs

A

at the same time as dental lamina

*around CAP stage the vertical cleft establishes vertical band and thus separates lips

37
Q

what is Pax9?

A

one of the earliest mesenchymal genes that define the localization of the tooth germs
*expressed at bud stage mesenchyme

38
Q

Pax9 induced by?

A

Fgf-8 which has some tooth positioning role (represented by bone morphogenetic proteins BMP-2 and BMP-4)

39
Q

Fgf-8, Bmp-2, and Bmp-4 are expressed in?

Pax9 expressed in?

A

non-overlapping areas

*Pax9 is expressed at sites where Fgf-8 but not BMPs are

40
Q

What if you have no Msx genes?

A

may have no premolars

41
Q

3 stages of tooth develoment?

A

bud, cap, bell

AND THEN crown stage (dentinogenesis and amelogenesis), root formation, tooth eruption

42
Q

1) Histodifferentiation
2) initiation
3) Morphogenesis

A

1) differentiation of primitive cells into tooth germ population
2) site of future teeth established
3) shape of the tooth determined

43
Q

Is the epithelium or the mesenchyme responsible for tooth morphology?

A 
early= epithelium directs patterning
late= mesenchyme directs patterning (Reciprocal Signaling)
44
Q

dental papilla

A
  • undifferenciated mesenchyma cells

* MAKES PULP

45
Q

dental follicle

A
  • MAKE CEMENTUM AND ROOT

* distinguishable from dental papilla bc it has many more collagen fibrils

46
Q

ameloblastoma

A

is an EXAMPLE of the severel types of odontogenic cysts/tumors that can arise from developing tooth structures (like epithelium, cell rests, enamel organ)

47
Q

blood enters dental papilla during what stage?

A

cap

  • the # of vessels increases until the bell stage when matrix is deposited
  • enamel organ is avascular but has vessels ajacent to OEE
  • vessels cluster in groups in papilla where the ROOTS will form
48
Q

nerve fibers approach developing tooth during? when do they penetrate?
nerve growthfactors?

A

bud to cap stage

  • pentrate pulp when dentinogenesis begins
  • neurotrophin, glial cell line derived growth factor, semaphorin

Embryology (12 decks)

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