14. Learning Disability Flashcards
1
Q
What is the Definition of a Learning Disability?
A
A Condition of Arrested / Incomplete Development of the Mind
Note - This is the same as “Mental Handicap”
2
Q
What are the Characteristics of Learning Disabilities?
A
Impairment of Skills manifested during the Developmental Period, which contribute to the Overall Level of Intelligence:
- Cognitive Abilites
- Language Abilities
- Motor Abilities
- Social Abilities
3
Q
What are the Criteria for Diagnosis of a Learning Disability?
A
- Intellectual Impairment (I.Q. < 70)
- Social / Adaptive Dysfunction - Deficits in 2+ of:
- a) Communication / Social Skills / Academics
- b) Self-Care / Health and Safety / Home Living
- c) Self-Direction / Community Use / Leisure / Work
- Onset in the Developmental Period (< 18 Years Old)
4
Q
What are the Different Classifications of Learning Disability?
A
- Mild Learning Disability - I.Q. of 50-69
- Moderate Learning Disability - I.Q. of 35-49
- Severe Learning Disability - I.Q. of 20-34
- Profound Learning Disability - I.Q. of <20
5
Q
What is the Aetiology of Learning Disabilities?
A
- Genetic
- Infective - Rubella (Ante-natal) vs Meningitis / Encephalitis (Post-Natal)
- Toxic - Foetal Alcohol Syndrome
- Trauma - Birth Asphyxia / Head Injury
- Unknown
6
Q
What are the Common other Physical Conditions associated with Learning Disabilities?
A
- Epilepsy
- Sensory Impairment - Hearing (40%) / Vision (20%)
- Obesity
- Gastrointestinal - GORD / H. Pylori / Consiptaion
- Respiratory - Infection / Aspiration Pneumonia
- Cerebral Palsy
- Orthopaedic - Joint Contractures / Osteoporosis
- Dermatology / Dental Problems
7
Q
What are the Mental Health Problems associated with Learning Disabilities?
A
- Schizophrenia / Psychosis
- Mood Disorders
- OCD - Ritualistic Behaviour
- Autism - 2/3 have a L.D.
- Over-Activity Syndromes - ADHD
- Challenging Behavour and Self-Injury
- Forensic Psychiatry
