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My Flashcards - Biomechanics > Overview of Gait > Flashcards

Overview of Gait Flashcards

1
Q

What type of movement is gait?

A

Rotational movement for translation of body

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2
Q

Step length

A

Distance between points of heel contact of the opposite foot

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3
Q

Stride length

A

distance between heel contact of the same foot

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4
Q

Base of Gait

A

side to side distance between both feet

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5
Q

Cadence

A

steps per unit time (usually 100-115 steps/minute)

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6
Q

What percent is normal stance phase?

A

60%

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7
Q

What percent is normal swing phase?

A

40%

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8
Q

What are the 3 phases of stance phase?

A

Contact period - heel strike to forefoot loading
Midstance period - forefoot loading to heel lift
Propulsive period - heel raise to toe off

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9
Q

What percent is double stance of stance phase?

A

10%

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10
Q

How does the gate cycle change during running?

A

No double stance component
Double swing component
Stance phase 40%/ Swing phase 60%

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11
Q

What motion occurs in STJ from contact to 25% stance (heel strike to forefoot loading)

A

pronation

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12
Q

When do GRF peak in stance phase?

A

Contact (heel strike to forefoot loading)

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13
Q

How is the leg rotated during contact portion of stance phase?

A

internally

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14
Q

How does the motion of the STJ change during midstance (forefoot loading > heel lift)

A

stops pronation begins supination

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15
Q

How is the leg rotated during midstance?

A

externally

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16
Q

Which muscles contract during midstance?

A

Tibialis posterior

Soleus

17
Q

When do vertical GRF peak in the stance phase?

A

Propulation (Heel lift to Toe off)

18
Q

In what phase of stance phase do forces move lateral to medial passing through hallux?

A

Propulsion phase

19
Q

What happens to toes during propulsion stage of stance phase?

A

Loaded to stabilize MPJs

20
Q

Describe angle of gait and base of gait?

A

Angle of gait - feet slightly abducted

Base of gait - feet shoulder width apart

21
Q

What is the major mechanism of shock absorption?

A

Muscle activity required to slow pronation

22
Q

What can happen with excessive pronation?

A

Subluxation
Dislocation
Degeneration

23
Q

What non-structural conditions are associated with pathologic pronation?

A 
Heel pain & Plantar fasciitis
Shin splints
Medial Peri-Tendonitis
Knee pain (Patello-Femoral Syndrome)
Low back pain
Decreased endurance
24
Q

What structural conditions are associated with pathologic pronation?

A 
HAV & Hammer toes
Mid foot subluxation
Tendinosis / PTTD
Degenerative arthritis
Stress fracture

My Flashcards - Biomechanics (2 decks)

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