Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

RUSVM Anesthesiology > Recovery > Flashcards

Recovery Flashcards

1
Q

Who do you extubate earlier, cats or dogs?

A

Cats

-avoid laryngospasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

When recovering small animals, what should you do if there was regurgitation?

A

Postural drainage(nose low)
Suction
Swab posterior pharynx with gauze before awakening
Remove ET tube with cuff inflated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are you monitoring in small animals during recovery?

A

TPR in all patients

Pulse ox in brachycephalic —> upper or lower airway disease, pulmonary pathology

BP in patients with hemorrhage, sepsis, and hypovolemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

You should be cautious about bandages around the head during recovery because??

A

Can lead to upper airway obstruction in sedate animlas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How can you stimulate your patient to increase level of consciousness ?

A

Change position- roll legs under when switching lateral —> more natural

Auditory and tactile stimulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are complications with recovery?

A 
Pain 
Dysphoria 
Hypo- or hyperthermia 
Hypoventilation 
Hypoxemia 
Prolonged recover
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What affect does pain have on the CV and respiratory system?

A

CV: increased cardiac work load

Respiratory: hypoventilation/hyperventilation, hypoxemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What affect does pain have on GI and Renal function?

A

GI: ileus

Renal: oliguria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

T/F: pain can impair immune function and increase risk of thromboembolism

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which of these surgeries will cause the most amount of pain?

Tracheostomy
Thoracotomy
Ovariohysterectomy

A

Thoracotomy > ovariohysterectomy > tracheostomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which of these surgeries causes the most pain?

Cranial abdominal procedure
Aural hematoma
Pelvic repair

A

Pelvic repair > cranial abdomen repair > aural hematoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is opioid dysphoria?

A

In humans..”uncontrollable/pleasant thoughts, difficulty concentrating, unpleasant bodily sensations, nervousness, and anxiety”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

T/F: a painful patient will quiet with additional opioids, a dysphoria patient will become more distressed with additional opioids

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How can you differentiate pain vs dysphoria??

A

What analgesics have been administered? - dose and duration?

Pain? -level expected?

Temperament? -anxious?

Surgical site?- palpate site, reaction suggests behavior is pain related, not dysphoria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What opioid can you administer to a patient that is vocalizing and distressed, and you are unsure if its due to pain or dysphoria?

A

Fentanyl
-short acting opioid

Pain—> improve
Dysphoria —> worsen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What drug will treat both dysphoria AND pain?

A

A-2 agonists

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What drugs can treat dysphoria?

A

Acepromazine
Benzodiazepines
Opioid antagonist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What opioid antagonist can you use if you want to maintain some analgesia?

A

Butorphanol (mu antagonist)

Kappa agonsit -> some analgesia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

How should you administer naloxone when treating opioid dysphoria?

A

Last resort

Titrate carefully to avoid severe pain caused by removal of opioid analgesia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Why do we want to avoid hypothermia during recovery?

A

Short term causes..

  • increased O2 demand
  • prolonged recovery
  • discomfort

Long term causes..

  • delayed healing
  • infection
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the treatment for hypothermia?

A

Most effective

  • force hot air device (BLAIR hugger)
  • radiant heat device
  • hot dog
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

T/F: a heating pad is a good method to warm patients when treating for hypothermia on recovery

A

False

—heating pads can cause burns!!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

When can you see hyperthermia in recover?

A

Opioid treated cats

MRI in obese furry dogs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What can you do to treat hyperthermia?

A

Remove bedding from cage
Fan
Wet towels

Can reverse opioids if severe (cats)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What are some causes of hypoventilation?

A

Drugs

Airway obstruction

  • brachycephalic
  • collapsing trachea
  • laryngeal/tracheal surgery
  • debris in airway

Pain

  • thoracotomy
  • rib fractures
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

How can you treat hypoventilation ?

A

Delay extubation and continue IPPV as needed

Clear airway

Reverse drugs

27
Q

What is the most common cause of hypoxemia?

A 
Airway obstruction (hypoventilation) 
Pulmonary pathology (V/Q mistmatch)
28
Q

Hwo can you treat hypoxemia?

A

Address underlying cause

Position properly-sternal recumbency or good lung up

Warming

O2 support

  • O2 by mask
  • flow by O2
  • O2 cage
  • nasal O2
  • PPV
29
Q

What are causes of prolonged recovery??

A 
Hypothermia 
Hypotension 
Hypoglycemia 
Electrolyte derangement 
Anemia 
Hypoventilation/hypoxemia 
Drugs 
Neurological disease
30
Q

What anesthetic related neurological diseases can be seen in cats especially?

A

Blindness
Stupor
Coma
—>due to cerebral hypoxia

31
Q

Hypoglycemia is causing a prolonged recovery in your patient. How do you treat?

A

Dextrose

32
Q

Hypotension is causing prolonged recovery in you patient. How could you treat this?

A

Maintain BP with inotropes or vasopressors

33
Q

What is the most dangerous part of equine anesthesia?

A

Recovery!!

—> potential for catastrophic injury- fracture, luxation, airway obstruction

Minor injuries are common - contusions/lacerations

34
Q

T/F: equines can generally be extuabed earlier than other species

A

True

  • horses don’t regurgitate
  • reflux is possible after colic surgery but not common
35
Q

What are complications to recovery of equine patients?

A 
Pain 
Hypothermia 
Hypoventilation —> hypoxemia 
Airway obstruction 
Anemia, electrolyte disturbances 
Myopathy/neuropathy
36
Q

Why are airway obstructions more common in horses?

A

Horses are obligate nasal breathers

37
Q

What are the methods of recovery used in equine anesthesia?

A

Free recovery

Assisted recover

38
Q

What type of recovery is most appropriate for dangerous/unhandled horses?

A

Free recovery

39
Q

What type of recovery is most appropriate for old/weak/systemically ill patients?

A

Assisted recovery

40
Q

What type of recovery is most appropriate in horses undergoing ophthalmic surgery?

A

Assisted

—> some of the most dangerous recoveries

41
Q

What are methods of assisted recovery?

A

Hand -foals or small equines

Ropes inside recovery stall - attached to head and tail for leverage

Ropes outside recovery stall - fed through wall openings, held by personnel on outside of stall

Sling recovery

Pool recover

42
Q

T/F: recovery from triple drip is usually rapid and smooth for equine patients

A

True

43
Q

T/F: recovery from gas anesthesia is usually smooth from gas anesthesia in equine patients

A

False

-> need sedative to smooth recovery

44
Q

What sedative is most preferred in equine patients to help them recover smoothly from gas anesthesia? What about for anxious or high-strung patients ?

A

A2 agonsit
-xylazine or romifidine

For anxious —> acepromazine (low dose )

45
Q

What additional methods can be used to ensure safe recovery of equines?

A

Place elasticon over shoes or rough feet to increase traction

Bandages to protect surgical sites

Eye mask after ophthalmic procedures

Quiet environment —> decrease auditory stimuli to prevent early rising

Dark stall

46
Q

What drugs are commonly used for visceral pain in equine?

A

A2 agonists

Butorphanol

47
Q

What is a good drug choice in equines for somatic pain?

A

Morphine

NSAIDS

48
Q

T/F: hypoxemia is common during equine recovery

A

True

49
Q

What can you do to reduce hypoxemia in equines?

A

Supplemental O2 for healthy recommended, REQUIRED for sick patients

Demand valve O2 while intubate

Nasal O2 once extubated

50
Q

What should you do if you have nasal edema in your horse?

A

Intranasal phenylephrine

Nasopharyngeal tube

51
Q

What should you do if you are concerned about airway patency/aspiration in equine recovery?

A

Tape ETT in and extubate once standing

52
Q

What abnormalities can lead to muscle weakness? How can you prevent this?

A

Hypocalcemia
Hypokalemia
Hypoglycemia
Anemia

Check bloodwork before recovery and correct disturbances while still on the table

53
Q

What is rhabdomyolysis ?

A

Muscle injury secondary to hypoperfusion

54
Q

What are clinical signs of rhabdomyolysis ?

A 
Hard muscles 
Sweating 
Trembling 
Myoglobinuria 
Pain
55
Q

How do you treat rhabdomyolysis ?

A

Fluids and analgesics

56
Q

What are common neuropathies due to equine anesthesia ?

A

Radial nerve

Facial nerve

57
Q

How can you prevent neuropathies in your equine patients?

A

Padding on bony prominences

Bring down forelimb forward

Remove halter during procedure

58
Q

What can you do if you have radial nerve neuropathy in the horse?

A

Splint forelimb to prevent knuckling

59
Q

What do you do in the case of facial nerve neuropathy?

A

Keep corneas lubricated

60
Q

What are common complications to ruminant recovery?

A

Regurgitation and bloat

In addition to complications of other small animals

61
Q

What is the best way to recover a ruminant?

A

Maintain sternal recumbency

Postural drainage(nose down), pharyngeal swabbing, and suction

Delayed extubation with cuff inflated

Pass stomach tube to relieve bloat if needed

62
Q

If your total ear canal abalation patient woke up vocalizing and struggling, what would be an appropriate response?

  • give naloxone
  • give hydromorphone
  • give Buprenorphine
  • give dexmedetomidine
A

Giving hydromorphone (treat pain) or dexmedetomidine (treats pain and dysphoria)

Painful surgery
—> do NOT give naloxone with would reverse opioid analgesia
—> do NOT give buprenophine, can worsen severe pain and is long acting

63
Q

What are the consequences of hypothermia?

A/ discomfort, poor healing, infection
B. Rapid recovery 
C. Increased O2 demand 
D. A and C 
E All of the above
A

D. A and C

64
Q

What re the differentials for prolonged recovery in a horse?

A. Hypothermia 
B. Anemia 
C. Myopathy 
D. Hypocalcemia 
E. All of the above
A

E. All of the above

RUSVM Anesthesiology (32 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions