Sleep Medicine

Question 1

How much time do we spend sleeping?

Answer 1

a third of our lives!

Question 2

What percentage of the population report sleeping difficulties?

Answer 2

47%

35% occasional and 12% regular

Question 3

True or false; animals will die faster of sleep deprivation than food deprivation

Answer 3

true

Question 4

What percentage of hospital patients with behavioral problems suffer from sleep disturbances?

Answer 4

80%!

Question 5

What are the two main part sof sleep?

Answer 5

REM sleep

Non-REM sleep

Question 6

What is REM sleep for in general?

Answer 6

restoring the brain

Question 7

What if non-REM sleep for in general?

Answer 7

restoring bones and muscles

Question 8

what are the stages of non-REM stages?

Answer 8

stage 1
stage 2
slow wave stage (the new 3 and 4)

Question 9

Describe stage 1

Answer 9

it’s the transition form wakefulness to sleep

also called twilight sleep

people will say they were awake

Question 10

Describe stage 2

Answer 10

bridge from stage 1 to slow wave

EEG tracings of sleep spindles with K complexes in response to arousal

Question 11

Describe what happens in slow wave sleep?

Answer 11

1. restorative to bone san dmuscles
2. consistent breathing pattern
3. stable blood pressure - about 10% lower than during the day (dipping)
4. most difficult to awaken from
5. parasomnias occur

Question 12

What are parasomnias

Answer 12

bedwetting
sleep walking
sleep talking

Question 13

WHat happens to BP and breathing during REM?

Answer 13

they fluctuate highly

Question 14

What else happens in REM?

Answer 14

dreaming and erection

Question 15

True or flase: REM is the hardest state to awaken from.

Answer 15

false - it’s actually the easiest to awaken from

Question 16

What is the clinical issue between sleep and impotence?

Answer 16

if they can’t get into REM, so they don’t get that erection and don’t get that restorative help

Question 17

How long do sleep cycles typically last

Answer 17

about every 90 minutes

Question 18

How do the stages differ based on the times of the night?

Answer 18

more slow wave early in the night

more REM at the end of th enight

Question 19

Although REM is easy to wave someone up out of, when do most awakenings occur?

Answer 19

during lighter stages

Question 20

What’s the average sleep an adult needs?

Answer 20

7.5 hours to FUNCTION, but we’re all different

and wouldn’t you want to feel great and not just good?

Question 21

What amount of sleep do kids typically need?

Answer 21

minimum of 9, but 10-11 is better

Question 22

What stage of sleep do kids have more of?

Answer 22

slow wave sleep

because they’re growing!!!

Question 23

Why do circadian shifts occur in adolescence?

Answer 23

it’s a hormonal thing that happens during puberty - they won’t be able to fall asleep until midnight, but they still need the 9-10 hours of sleep

it’s society that makes that bad

Question 24

What happens to sleep in the elderly?

Answer 24

need about 8 hours

they have decreased slow wave sleep

have more fragmented sleep and wake up ealier feeling fine, but they typically star to need naps in the afternoon

Question 25

True or false: napping is bad for your sleep architecture overall.

Answer 25

false - if you can’t get a full 8 hours in the night but you can nap, nap.

Question 26

Which directly effects the other - exercise or sleep?

Answer 26

sleep has a a direct effect on exercise

exercise can improve sleep, but it may take a while

Question 27

Will alcohol help you sleep?

Answer 27

it will help you fall asleep quicker, but it causes more awakenings during the night, so harms sleep overall

can also increase snoring and sleep apnea because it relaxes the airway