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FD Incident Safety Officer 2nd Edition ORG > Ch. 10: Reading Firefighters > Flashcards

Ch. 10: Reading Firefighters Flashcards

1
Q

If we are truly dedicated to preventing injuries and deaths, we need to address the number one cause of injuries - _____________.

A

overexertion

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2
Q

What are the related factors that influence overexertion?

A

Ergonomics, physiology, and rehab efforts.

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3
Q

What is the science of adapting work or working conditions to a worker?

A

ergonomics

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4
Q

What is the key to preventing overexertion?

A

Being aware of the muscular and skeletal stresses and strains that firefighters undergo.

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5
Q

The ISO should evaluate the environment, the relationship of the worker to the environment, and the task being attempted.

A

Often, a slight change in any of these areas can reduce injury potential.

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6
Q

What are the three strategies that an ISO can utilize to abate or mitigate ergonomic hazards?

A

Awareness, accommodation, and acclimation.

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7
Q

Which ergonomic abatement strategy is perhaps the most used and certainly the most simple?

A

Awareness

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8
Q

Which is the ergonomic abatement strategy that acknowledges that the workers are less apt to suffer an injury if they are aware of the problem, thereby heightening their cautiousness?

A

Awareness

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9
Q

What ergonomic abatement strategy is used when injury potential is reduced by altering the environment or the task?

A

Accommodation

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10
Q

What ergonomic strategy is the use of personal protective equipment an example of?

A

accommodation

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11
Q

What ergonomic strategy is the use of a warning of a slippery surface or a reminder to lift with leg leverage and a tight core an example of?

A

awareness

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12
Q

What is the most difficult ergonomic abatement strategy to implement during an incident?

A

acclimation

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13
Q

How is acclimation in terms of ergonomic abatement accomplished?

A

Most acclimation is done proactively

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14
Q

What does physiological performance depend on of the firefighter?

A

It depends on the metabolic processing (cell chemistry)

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15
Q

What are the factors that affect cell chemistry include?

A

thermal stress, hydration, and fuel replacement

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16
Q

What incident efforts can address the factors that affect cell chemistry?

A

Rehabilitation; “rehab”

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17
Q

In what forms can thermal stress be presented?

A

Heat or cold.

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18
Q

What are the factors that may cause core temperatures to rise?

A

Activity, humidity, air temperature, the effectiveness of cooling mechanisms, and sun, shade, and wind.

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19
Q

What can cause heat stress reducing the body’s ability to evaporate heat by sweating?

A

Full structural protective clothing

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20
Q

The use of shade, air movement, and rest to bring down human core temperatures.

A

passive cooling

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21
Q

Using external methods or devices (such as hand and forearm immersion, misting fans, or ice vests) to reduce an elevated core temperature?

A

active cooling

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22
Q

What reaction may be possible when the body reacts to the immediate temperature change that sends a mixed signal to the hypothalamus?

A

decreased cognitive reasoning

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23
Q

How can the prevention of thermal stress injuries be accomplished through?

A

Accommodation, rotation, and hydration.

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24
Q

What is vital to the peak operation of virtually every body system?

A

water

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25
Q

A person’s physiological response to the 24-hour clock, which includes sleep, energy peaks, and necessary body functions.

A

circadian rhythms

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26
Q

What are the four essential elements that need to be balanced for a cell to work as well as it can?

A

oxygen, water, glucose, and insulin

27
Q

What is the key to providing quick energy that optimizes cell performance?

A

To feed firefighters a balance of low glycemic carbohydrates, protein, and fat. (40/30/30)

28
Q

What are the components of effective rehab that should be included?

A

The four Rs: rest, rehydration, Rx, and refueling.

29
Q

How often should the firefighter be fed when mental and

physical demands remain?

A

Two to three hours

30
Q

Which is considered the most difficult abatement strategy

to implement during an incident?

A

Acclimation

31
Q

Whose responsibility is it to see that a rehab operation is established at each emergency scene?

A

ISO

32
Q

What is ergonomics is being looked at when the surface conditions are being examined?

A

The physical environment

33
Q

Which is considered a low glycemic index carbohydrate?

A

Most vegetables

34
Q

What is the leading cause of injuries at an incident?

A

Overexertion

35
Q

What do most activities at an incident scene require that

are affected by the ergonomics?

A

Physical labor

36
Q

Which factor that influences overexertion is defined as

the science of adapting working conditions to a worker?

A

Ergonomics

37
Q

What is the foundation for building cellular balance?

A

Food

38
Q

What kind of stress can come in the form of heat and cold?

A

Thermal

39
Q

After the first hour, what drink can be added to the

firefighter’s rehab?

A

Sports drinks

40
Q

Which is NOT an item the ISO needs to evaluate when
determining how the firefighters should adjust their
method of performing a specific task?

A

The relationship of the worker to the task being attempted

41
Q

Which may be an early warning sign of heat stress?

A

Heat rash

42
Q

Who should make a judgment on whether a firefighter
should return to incident duties based on their best
judgment and vital signs of the firefighter?

A

Paramedic

43
Q

Which is considered a high glycemic index carbohydrate?

A

Orange juice

44
Q

Which is NOT considered a good protein source for rehab operations?

A

Hamburger meat

45
Q

Which helps cells rejuvenate and with the building of new

cells?

A

Protein

46
Q

Which is often forgotten in cold stress environments?

A

Hydration

47
Q

Which is perhaps the most commonly used abatement

strategy?

A

Awareness

48
Q

What is missing from the firefighter’s work environment

that other physically demanding jobs have?

A

Warm up

49
Q

Which of the following is NOT associated with the
relationship of the worker when the ISO is looking at the
ergonomics of an incident?

A

Energy required to perform the task

50
Q

What should the ratio of carbohydrates/protein/fat
(respectively) be that is fed to the firefighter to
achieve optimal cell performance?

A

40/30/30

51
Q

What is a person’s physiological response to the 24-hour

clock?

A

Circadian rhythms

52
Q

What is the range of acceptable core temperature (degrees Fahrenheit) for the firefighter at an incident scene?

A

97 to 100

53
Q

Which is NOT something that influence overexertion?

A

Training

54
Q

What is the answer to the question, “What was I thinking?

generally?

A

You weren’t.

55
Q

How long after operations begin should only water be given

to the firefighter?

A

1 hour

56
Q

Which type of abatement strategy is using personal

protective equipment?

A

Accommodation

57
Q

Which technique has been found to be the most effective

when performing active cooling?

A

Forearm immersion

58
Q

Which parts of the body are generally affected by heat

cramps?

A

Arms and legs

59
Q

Which is a serious local injury that means a body part is

frozen?

A

Frostbite

60
Q

Which heat stress injury is marked by hot, flushed and dry skin?

A

Heat stroke

61
Q

How much water should firefighters attempt to drink per

hour during work?

A

One quart

62
Q

What is one conclusion that has been reached by texts,

trade magazines and medical journals?

A

Firefighting requires humans who are physically fit

63
Q

What must the ISO be aware of to be able to prevent

overexertion?

A

Muscular stresses and strains

64
Q

Which is NOT an element that must be in balance for

optimal cell function?

A

Sucrose

FD Incident Safety Officer 2nd Edition ORG (18 decks)

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