LEARNING OBJECTIVES

Question 1

Identify the current burden of infectious disease

Answer 1

90% of deaths from infectious

disease are caused by lower respiratory infections, HIV/AIDs, diarrhoeal disease, TB, malaria and measles

Question 2

Identify causes of mortality and explain death rates

Answer 2

Highest death rate = Swaziland (developing)
Leading causes of death = heart disease, cerebro-vascular disease, respiratory infections, HIV/AIDs, COPD
In 3rd world countries upto 58% mortality is caused by malnutrition/defiency

Question 3

Describe proportions of deaths attributed to infectious disease per country

Answer 3

Africa 62%
Southeast Asia 31%
Western Pacific 11%
Eastern Mediterranean 34% 
Americas 10%
Europe 5%

Question 4

How many of the leading caused of death are infectious diseases in low/middle income countries

Answer 4

4/10

Question 5

How many of the leading causes of death are non-communicable diseases in low/middle income countries

Answer 5

9/10

Question 6

What are the leading causes of death due to infectious disease?

Answer 6

Lower respiratory infections 3.9 mill, HIV/AIDs 2.8 mill, Diarrhoeal disease 1.8 bill, TB 1.6 mill, Malaria 1.2 mill, Measles 0.6 mill

Question 7

Globally how many people die each year?

Answer 7

57 mill

Question 8

How many deaths per year are attributed to deaths of children 0-4 years old

Answer 8

15%
2010: 7.6 million
57/1000 live births

Question 9

What did effect did ART have on deaths in SSA?

Answer 9

Reduction in under 5s, 5-19, 50-59, 60+ mortality

Increase in 20-29, 30-39, 40-49 mortality

Question 10

What is a success if AIDs epidemic?

Answer 10

broad access to ART for HIV in poor countries
10-fold growth in access in Africa over 5 years 2002-7
Stopping HIV transmission to babies

Question 11

What is a challenge of AIDs epidemic?

Answer 11

Extremely fast growing - for every person put on HIV treatment, 5 are newly infected
Social obstacles preventing safe sex, condom use, injection practise from having their full effect

Question 12

What is the rapid impact package?

Answer 12

Source of funds for developing countries (condition of many drug donations)
$0.50
Includes drugs, delivery, equipment, training, distribution, monitoring etc needed to help one person survive
4 drugs are included: Zithromax, mectiza, praziquantel, albendazole

Question 13

How many people are eligible for ART?

Answer 13

25.9 million (additional 9.2 from 2013)

Question 14

How many deaths does cancer account for worldwide?

Answer 14

15.1%

8 million

Question 15

Where is cancer burden shifting?

Answer 15

Less developed countries - likelihood of 60%

Question 16

How many deaths does CVD account for world wide?

Answer 16

29. 5%

15. 6 million

Question 17

What are the most lethal CVDs and how are they set to change in developing countries?

Answer 17

CHD and stroke

Set to double with ET

Question 18

What are the 3 most important risk factors?

Answer 18

High BP, serum cholesterol, tobacco smoking

Question 19

How is mass treatment for NTDs give?

Answer 19

Pairs of the drugs out of the big 4 are given 6 months apart