Pathoma: Restrictive Diseases Flashcards
Why do sarcoid pts have hypercalcemia?
the granulomas have 1-alpha-hydroxylase activity, which can activate vitamin D
What is hypersensitivity pneumonitis?
a granulomatous reaction to inhaled organic antigens, esp from birds
What cells are assoc. with a granulomatous reaction?
eosinophils
What happens in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis?
fibrosis of the lung interstitium
Pts exposed to asbestos are much more likely to get ____ than _____.
lung CA; mesothelioma
What are the s/s of hypersensitivity pneumonitis?
- hours after exposure: fever, cough, dyspnea
- chronic: interstitial fibrosis
What workers are at risk of silicosis pneumoconiosis?
sandblasters and silica miners
In sarcoid patients, granulomas have 1-alpha-hydroxylase activity, which can activate vitamin D. What does this cause?
hypercalcemia
What doe TGF-beta do?
induces a healing response and fibrosis
What are the clinical features of sarcoidosis?
cough, SOB, elevated serum ACE, hypercalcemia
What does non-caseating mean?
all the cells are alive; no necrosis
What lung function values will be indicative of restrictive lung disease?
- decreased TLC
- decreased FVC
- decreased FEV1
- increased FEV1:FVC ratio (>80%)
Restrictive lung diseases cause _____ compliance.
decreased
What workers are at increased risk of asbestosis pneumoconiosis?
construction workers, plumbers, and shipyard workers
This is a granulomatous reaction to inhaled organic antigens, esp from birds.
hypersensitivity pneumonitis
What is an asbestos body?
a long, brown rod with iron depositions found in lung samples
What are the clinical features of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis?
- progressive dyspnea and cough
- fibrosis on lung CT beginning at the subpleura
Pts with silicosis pneumoconiosis are at increased risk of _____.
TB
What disease can sarcoidosis mimic?
Sjogren syndrome
Where is TB found in the lung?
in the upper lobes
Asbestosis pneumoconiosis pts are at increased risk of?
lung carcinoma and mesothelioma
What are the pathologic findings of berylliosis pneumoconiosis?
- noncaseating granulomas in the lung
- hilar lymph nodes
- systemic organs