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BDS2 BAMS Haematology > 5. Anticoagulant and Inherited Bleeding > Flashcards

5. Anticoagulant and Inherited Bleeding Flashcards

1
Q

Contraindications of anticoagulant and inherited bleeding disorders (3)

A

Aspirin
NSAIDs
Antithrombotic medication (anticoagulants, antiplatelets)

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2
Q

Indications for oral anticoagulation (4)

A

AF
DVT
Heart valve disease/ mechanical heart valves
Thrombophilia

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3
Q

Types of oral anticoagulants (4)

A

Coumarins
Indanediones
Direct thrombin inhibitors
Factor Xa inhibitor

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4
Q

Types of wafarin drug interactions (2)

A

Potentiating drugs

Inhibiting drugs

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5
Q

Examples of warfarin potentiating drugs (4)

A

Amiodarone
Antibiotics
Alcohol (with liver disease)
NSAIDs

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6
Q

Examples of warfarin inhibiting drugs (4)

A

Carbamazepine, barbiturates
Cholesystramine
Griseofulvin
Alcohol (without liver disease)

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7
Q

Dangers of warfarin (overdose)

A

Haemorrhage

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8
Q

How do anti platelet drugs affect clotting (2)

A

Inhibiting platelet aggregation

Inhibiting thrombus formation in arterial circulation

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9
Q

Examples of anti platelet medications (8)

A 
Low dose aspirin
Clopidogrel
Dipyridamole
Prasugrel and aspirin
Abciximab
Eptifibate and aspirin
Ticagrelor
Tirofaban
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10
Q

Definition of inherited bleeding disorder

A

Acquired defects which affect blood coagulation

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11
Q

What may inherited bleeding disorders affect (3)

A

Coagulation cascade
Platelet number
Platelet function
Combo

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12
Q

Types of rare bleeding disorders (2)

A

Inherited defects of other factors in coagulation pathway (not FVIII, IX, XI)
Inherited defect of platelet number/function

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13
Q

Types of haemophilia (3)

A

Haemophilia A
Haemophilia B
Haemophilia C

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14
Q

Genetics of haemophilia (2)

A

Sex-linked recessive inheritance

Males affected, females carriers

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15
Q

Definition of Haemophilia A

A

FVIII deficiency

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16
Q

Definition of Haemophilia B

A

FIX deficiency

17
Q

Treatment of severe/moderate Haemophilia A

A

Use of recombinant factor VIII

18
Q

Treatment of mild/carriers of Haemophilia A (2)

A

DDAVP

Very mid - oral tanexamic acid

19
Q

Treatment of Haemophilia B (2)

A

No response to DDAVP

Prophylactic cover requires recombinant FIX

20
Q

Definition of von Willebrand disease

A

Deficiency of von Willebrand factor

21
Q

Genetics of von Willebrand disease (2)

A

Autosomal dominant

Both sexes equally affected

22
Q

Types of von Willebrand disease (3)

A 
Type 1 (dominant, mild)
Type 2 (dominant, mild)
Type 3 (recessive, severe)
23
Q

Treatment of von WIllebrand disease (2)

A

Majority respond to DDAVP

Very mild cases - oral tranexamic acid

24
Q

LA issues with inherited bleeding disorders (2)

A

IDB, lingual infiltration, post. sup. nerve block

Buccal infiltration, intra-ligamentary, intra-papillary safe

25
Q

Definition of thrombophilia

A

Acquired condition superimposed on a genetic condition

26
Q

Increased risk of what with thrombophilia

A

Clot development

27
Q

Types of inherited bleeding syndromes (4)

A

Protein C deficiency
Protein S deficiency
Factor V leiden
Antithrombin III deficiency

28
Q

How can acquired syndromes be obtained (7)

A 
Antiphospholipid syndrome (lupus anticoagulants)
Oral contraceptives
Surgery
Trauma
Cancer
Pregnancy
Immobilisation
29
Q

Types of platelet abnormalities (3)

A

Thrombocytopenia
Thrombocythaemia
Qualitative disorders (normal platelet number but abnormal function)

30
Q

Definition of thrombocytopenia

A

Reduced platelet numbers

31
Q

Definition of thrombocythaemia

A

Increased platelet numbers

32
Q

Types of thrombocytopenia (3)

A

Idiopathic
Drug-related
Secondary to lymphoproliferative disorder

33
Q

Types of inherited qualitative disorders (3)

A

Bernard Soulier syndrome
Hermansky Pudlak
Glanzmann’s thromboasthenia

34
Q

Types of acquired qualitative disorders (4)

A

Cirrhosis
Drugs
Alcohol
Cardiopulmonary bypass

35
Q

Definition of Haemophilia C

A

Deficiency of FXI

BDS2 BAMS Haematology (6 decks)

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