Chapter 3: Biological Molecules

Question 1

Organic Molecules

Answer 1

Carbon based molecules

Question 2

Classes of organic molecules

Answer 2

• Carbohydrates
• Lipids
• Proteins
• Nucleic Acids

Question 3

Hydroxyl group

Answer 3

-OH

Question 4

Carbonyl group

Answer 4

> C=O
(aldehyde if on the end)
(keytone if in the middle)

Question 5

Carboxyl group

Answer 5

-COOH

Question 6

Amino group

Answer 6

-NH2

Question 7

Phosphate group

Answer 7

-OP3 ^2-

Question 8

Sulfhydryl group

Answer 8

-SH

Question 9

Stereoisomers

Answer 9

Molecules that are mirror images of each other

Question 10

Structural isomers

Answer 10

Two molecules with same chemical formula, but different ways of connecting atoms. eg sugar vs fructose

Question 11

Reaction when water molecule components are remobed

Answer 11

Dehydration synthesis or condensation reaction

Question 12

Reaction where water molecules added to functional group

Answer 12

Hydrolysis

Question 13

Polymer

Answer 13

Molecule assembled from subunit monomers into a chain via covalent bonds

Question 14

Polymerization

Answer 14

The process of assembling a polymer from monomers

Dehydration synthesis reaction

Question 15

Macromolecule

Answer 15

A single poymer with a mass of 1 000 Da or more