Ch 12: Psychosocial Complications

Question 1

GCS

Answer 1

13-15 mild
9-12 moderate
3-8 severe

Question 2

Major depressive episode

Answer 2

One of the most common results/diagnoses after TBI

At least 2 weeks in which the individual experiences loss of interest or depressed mood, as well as 4 additional symptoms:

• change in appetite
• weight loss or gain
• decreased energy
• feelings of worthlessness
• suicidal ideations

Question 3

What percent of persons with TBI are at risk of the development of depression?

Answer 3

44.3% in 7.5 years

**general population is 5.9% lifetime risk

Question 4

Which parts of the brain (lesions) are at risk for depression?

Answer 4

Left prefrontal gray matter & Lateral and medial frontal lobe injuries

**Anxiety AND depression= right frontal lobe

Question 5

Manic episode

Answer 5

d/t Temporal basal polar lesions and multifocal lesions

1 week where the individual has a noticeably elevated, expansive or irritable mood with 3 symptoms:

Extremely amplified self esteem 
Decreased desire for sleep 
Grandiose ideas
Distractibility
Involvement in activities with high possibility for consequences

Question 6

What percent of TBI‘s have bipolar disorder post injury?

Answer 6

4% as compared to 0.8% without TBI

Question 7

What percent of TBI patients experience panic disorders?

Answer 7

9.2% over 7.5 years

Question 8

What percent of TBI patients experience a personality disorder post injury?

Answer 8

23%

Question 9

What’s the difference between diagnosing a frontal lobe deficit from depression?

Answer 9

The individual’s ability to recognize and acknowledge the deficits

Question 10

What percent of individuals were employed at the two-year mark, were unemployed at five year mark post injury?

Answer 10

32%