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Science > Chemistry > Flashcards

Chemistry Flashcards

1
Q

What are elements

A

Substances that are a.m. e up of one type of atom

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2
Q

Properties

A

Properties determine whether an element is metallic or non metallic

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3
Q

Metallic elements

A

Potassium, sodium, calcium, iron

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4
Q

Properties of metallic elements

A

Shiny, polishes
Good conductors of heat and electricity
Can be bent or hammered
Can be stretched into wires e.g dictile

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5
Q

Exapmples of ways the use metallic elements

A

Tin lining for the roof so are malleable, electrical wiring are ductile, and conduct heat good for pots and pans

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6
Q

Non, metallic elements

A

Have lower melting and boiling points and are solids or gases at room temperature
Bromine is only the one liquid and room temp

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7
Q

Examples of Non metallics

A

Carbon, sulfur, iodine, chlorine

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8
Q

Properties of non metallic elements

A

Dull, not shiny
Do not conduct heat or electricity
Brittle, beard or crumble

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9
Q

Chemical symbol for Hydrogen, helium, lithium, berilium

A

H, He, Li, Be

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10
Q

Chemical symbol for boron, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, Florine

A

B, C, N, O, F

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11
Q

Chemical symbol for Neon, sodium, magnesium, alimunin, silicon

A

Ne, Na, Mg, Al, Si

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12
Q

Chemical symbol for Phosphorus, sulfur, chlorine and argon

A

P, S, Cl, Ar

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13
Q

Chemical symbol for potassium and calcium

A

K and Ca

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14
Q

Monatomic elements

A

Elements that are made up of many individual atoms is known as a monatomic. E.G helium, neon argon

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15
Q

Atoms in elements

A

Elements are made up ofone type of atom and can be arranged in different ways
Single atoms
Clusters of atoms called molecules
Large grid called crystal lattices

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16
Q

Molecular elements

A

Listens of two or more atoms bonded together. All molecules are identical in size, shape and number

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17
Q

Molecular formula

A

Shows what atoms are in a molecule and how many there are of each e.f O2 N2 s8

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18
Q

Crystal lattices

A

Largesse grid like structures that repeat the same arrangement of atoms over and over.
All metallic elements form crystal lattices only a few non metallic elements form lattices

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19
Q

Metallic lattices

A

Atoms in metals form lattices regather than molecules. They can be bent, hammered into sheeren and sreechted into sores

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20
Q

Non metallic lattices

A

Only a few form lattices

E.g silicon.

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21
Q

Allotrope

A

Different forms of the same element e.g carbon. Diamond, charcoal, graphite

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22
Q

Compounds

A

Substances that are made up of more than one type of atom. Each have unique set of properties. Salt, water, candle wax

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23
Q

Molecular compounds

A

All identical in size and shape and have the same number of atoms. Represented using a chemical formula e.g H2O, CO2, CYH12O6

24
Q

Lattice comings

A

Atoms tightly bonded together. Hard solids at room temperature. E.g beach sand and salt

25
Q

Mixtures

A

Made up of more than one substance, where the substances are not chemically bonded together mean that they can be easily separated

26
Q

Ueberyday mixtures

A

Common is solution made up of the dissolving solute e liquid which the solute is mixed into is known as the solvent

27
Q

Alloys

A

Are mixtures if a metal with other metals or non metals. Important because they often have very different and useful properties. E.g iron is cheep to produce but si soft and rusts

28
Q

Physical change

A

No new substance is produced during the change. E.g changed a shape or form, expands, contracts, changes state or mixes with a substance

29
Q

Hangeing shape or form

A

Force is applied to break, bend, stretch, crush, twist or compress

30
Q

Expansion and contraction

A

Expansion happens when heat is applied, the motion increases so they Seperate, contraction is cooling down a substance, forces of attraction are stronger meaning less space

31
Q

Melting

A

When a solid is heated enough with will change its state into a liquid

32
Q

Freezing

A

When a liquid is cooled enough it will form a solid

33
Q

Evaporation

A

When a liquid is warmed and becomes a gas

34
Q

Condensations

A

When a gas cools and becomes liquid

35
Q

Dissolving

A

When solid is dissolved into a liquid, solid is know as the solut and the liquid is known as the solvent

36
Q

Chemical change

A

Whether a new substance has been formed as a result of the change

37
Q

Identifying chemical changes

A 
Seeing a colour change
Smelling a gas or seeing bubble
Eyeing a new solid form
Change in temperature
Condensation
38
Q

Colour change

A

New substance produced by chemical change has. Different o what you started with

39
Q

Gas is produced

A

Observed as bubbles, new smell or smoke

40
Q

Precipice forms

A

Solid precipitated our of the solution known as the precipitate

41
Q

Energy is produced or absorbed

A

Relax us heat light or both as result in change of temperature or glow

42
Q

Particle model

A

Representation of solids liquid and gases helps explain and predict the properties of matter

43
Q

Diffusion

A

Two liquids are mixed together their particle with diffuse and mix evenly without stirring
Gas particles travel in zig zag
Each particld moves in line until it collided with palette and then changed diirectiom

44
Q

Why are substances different

A

Because they made hood unique set of characteristics known as properties

45
Q

Examples of chemical reactions

A

Magnesium oxygen =magnesium oxide

Oxygen + hydrogen = water

46
Q

Combustion

A

Involves burning with oxygen to release light and heat.Releases so much energy quickly than an explosion occurs

47
Q

Examples of combustion

A

Hydrogen + oxygen = water Valois

Magnesium + oxefen = carbon dioxide + water gap out

48
Q

Flammability

A

Described how easily a substance under goes combustion. Substances that don’t burn are non flammable while substances that burn easily are flammable
Sunstsnces that ignite quickly or explosively are highly flammable

49
Q

Respiration

A

The orocess of obtaining energy form from food

Involves a chemical reaction that convert oxefen and glucose into carbon dioxide

50
Q

Corrosion

A

That can cause damage to metals
Iron and shell have chemical properties that casue them to react slowly with water and oxefen gas in air. Commonly known as rust

51
Q

Molecules of elements e.g

A 
Oxygen goes O2
Oxygen monoxide O3
Sulfur S8
Nitrogen N2
Hydrogen H2
52
Q

Molecules of compounds e.g

A 
H2O oxygen + hydrogen
CH4 Methane
O2 carbon dioxide
NH3 ammonia
CO carbon monoxide
53
Q

Combustion reaction

A

Equals a flame

E.g me than + oxygen = carbon dioxide + water

54
Q

Oxidation reactions

A

Equals no flame

E.g iron + oxygen = iron oxide

55
Q

Qualitative

A

Made up of atoms of ……

56
Q

Quantitative

A

Number of atoms of ….

Number of atoms of…

Science (6 decks)

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