CKD epidimeology in the west Flashcards
What is the meaning behind the prevalence of a disease?
Balance of the number of people with the disease and the factors affecting the incidence of the disease
What are the factors affecting the incidence of CKD?
Increasing with sendentary, aging population
Diabetes and hypertension
What are the fators affecting the number of people with CKD?
There is increased survival of CKD
Lower risk of death from contributing diseases
Why is there increased recognition of CKD?
CKD is a term only widely used in the UK for the last 10 years
Multiple campaigns have raised awareness
Increased recognition of CKD has increased its prevalence
TRUE or FALSE
TRUE
Since more are aware of the disease, it has been diagnosed more often
What value does diagnosis of CKD depend on?
GFR
What are the three types of CKD?
CKD 1
CKD 2
CKD 3
Who are the major contributors to CKD 3?
Elderly
Characteristics of CKD 1 and 2
Not based on eGFR
Similar prevalence between age groups
Based on abnormality of the kidneys
What are contributing factors to CKD?
Age
Ethnicity - higher prevalence in black and asian population
What does the concept of competing risks of death refer to?
Age, CKD and risk of death are related
Young person with CKD = risk of death from renal replacemnt therapy > risk from other causes
Old person with CKD = risk of death from renal replacement therapy < risk of death from other sources
What is more cost-effective, treating the complications of CKD or treating end-stage renal failure?
Treating the complications of CKD
What are the complications of CKD?
Anaemia
Bone disease
What are the costs of the complications of CKD?
Outpatient care
Medication - anaemia, blood pressure, bone disorder
Acute kidney injury
How can we prevent AKI?
Easily preventable
Timely withdrawal of medication
Adequate hydration
