1. Meiosis

Question 1

Define meiosis.

Answer 1

Type of cell division where a parent cell divides to create 4 genetically different haploid cells.

Question 2

What are the cells called that divide by meiosis?

Answer 2

Diploid to start with.
BUT.
The cells that are formed by meis - chromosome numbers half.

Question 3

What is the difference between meiosis in humans and meiosis in insects/plants?

Answer 3

Meiosis in humans/mammals produces gametes directly.
BUT.
Meiosis in plants/insects it produces haploid cells which later divide by mitosis to become gametes.

Question 4

Why is meiosis important?

Answer 4

Because it ensures that all organisms produced via sexual reproduction contain the correct number of chromosomes as you would get double the number of chromosomes when the gametes fuse.

Question 5

STEP ONE of meiosis.

Answer 5

Before meiosis starts, DNA unravels and replicated so there are 2 copies of each chromosome called chromatids.

Question 6

STEP TWO of meiosis.

Answer 6

DNA condenses forming double-armed chromosome, each made from 2 sister chromatids.
Chromatids joined in middle by centromere.

Question 7

STEP THREE of meiosis.

Answer 7

Meiosis I (first division)
Chromosomes arrange themselves into homogolous pairs.

Question 8

STEP FOUR of meiosis.

Answer 8

Homologous pairs are separated halving chromosome number.

Question 9

STEP FIVE of meiosis.

Answer 9

Meiosis II (second division)
Pairs of sister chromatids that make up each chromsome are separated. Centromere divided.

Question 10

STEP SIX of meiosis.

Answer 10

4 haploid cells genetically different each other are produced.

Question 11

What separates in first division.

Answer 11

Homologous pairs.

Question 12

What separates in second divison.

Answer 12

Chromatids.