Structure 2 Flashcards
1
Q
Fundamental Concepts:
Mass and Weight
A
Mass
- Mass is the amount of matter in a body and is measured in kilograms (kg)
- Density is the mass per unit of volume, Density = mass(kg)/volume(m3)
Weight
- Weight is measured in Newtons (N) or Kilonewtons (kN)
- Force = Mass x Acceleration
- Weight = Mass x Acceleration Due to Gravity
- Earth’s Gravitational Acceleration = 9.81 m/s2
- Weight will differ depending on the Gravitational Acceleration, Mass will always remain the same
2
Q
Fundamental Concepts:
Force and Load
A
Force
- Force is an influence or action on a body or an object that either makes or attempts to make it move or change position
- Force is a vector quantity; it has both magnitude and direction
- A force on a building is referred as the load that an element of structure is carrying
- Resultant Force: where two (or more) forces can be resolved into a single resultant force [using either Pythagoras or Trigonometry]
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3
Q
Fundamental Concepts:
Pressure and Stress
A
- Pressure is a measure of the intensity of force applied to thesurface of an object
- Pressure = Force/Area
- Stress is a measure of the intensity of force within a structural element, it has the same units as pressure
- Stress = Force/Area
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4
Q
Fundamental Concepts:
Stress and Strain
A
- Strain is complimentary to stress
- It is the response of a material to stress
- Strain is defined as the change in length/ original length
- Materials tested to determine characteristics
- Young’s Modulus = Stress/Strain = E
5
Q
Moment of a Force
A
- Moment is a force acting at a perpendicular distance from a specified point of action
- The moment will cause the point to rotate or resist rotation
- Moment = F (Force) x X(Distance) and is measured in Nmm or kNm
6
Q
Equilibrium
A
- An object is stationary and will remain stationary unless there is an out of balance system of forces applied to it
- Forces can also be resolved into their components relative to a system of orthogonal coordinates (x,y,z)
7
Q
Types of Connection
A
