Grammar

Question 1

존댓말로 있다

Answer 1

계시다

Question 2

존댓말로 먹다

Answer 2

드시다, 잡수시다

Question 3

존댓말로 마시다

Answer 3

드시다

Question 4

존댓말로 자다

Answer 4

주무시다

Question 5

말하다

Answer 5

말씀하시다

Question 6

존댓말로 듣다

Answer 6

들으세요

Question 7

존댓말로 살다

Answer 7

사세요

Question 8

존댓말로 이/가

Answer 8

께서

Question 9

존댓말로 한테

Answer 9

께

Question 10

-아/어 드릴게요

Answer 10

Offer service or help

Question 11

이/가 아니에요

Answer 11

Someone/something is not

Question 12

-고 있다

Answer 12

In progress or repeated actions

Question 13

-은 다음에

Answer 13

After doing something

Question 14

-으려고

Answer 14

In order to do something

Rules:

• first and second clause subject must be the same
• can’t be a suggestion or a command

Question 15

-으러

Answer 15

In order to do something

Rules:

• can only use with 가다, 오다
• can use for suggestions and commands

Question 16

-을 때

Answer 16

When or while

Question 17

-기 전에

Answer 17

Before something happens

Question 18

아/어서

Answer 18

Doing one action then a second action. Connection between both actions

Question 19

으면

Answer 19

If…then

Rules:

• if first clause is different from main clause, you must use 이/가 subject marker instead of 은/는
• if main clause is past tense, use 을 때 instead

Question 20

-울까요?

Answer 20

Do you think..? Will it be..?

Question 21

-을 거예요

Answer 21

Will probably be

Question 22

-다가

Answer 22

Express an action in progress before a change occurs

Question 23

-는 것

Answer 23

Change verbs into nouns: -ing gerund

• 이가…게
• 을/를…거

Question 24

-기로 했어요

Answer 24

Appointment or promise made with someone else

Question 25

-으니까

Answer 25

Since, because

• first clause states reason, main clause states result
• can be past tense
• main clause can express command or suggestion

Question 26

-읍시다

Answer 26

Let’s do something

-also used as agreement and acceptance

Question 27

-아/어도 되다

Answer 27

May do something

Question 28

-으면 안 되다

Answer 28

Refusal of permission

Question 29

-은데요, -는데요

Answer 29

Convey info about a situation and wait for listener’s response. Also use to politely decline.

• 은/ㄴ adj
• 는 verbs
• 인데요 nouns

Question 30

-어/아 드릴까요?

Answer 30

Offer help or favor.

When speaker wants to know what the listener would like him to do

Question 31

이것, 그것, 저것

Answer 31

+이…이게, 그게, 저게
+을…이걸, 그걸, 저걸
+은…이건, 그건, 저건

Question 32

-아/어 주시겠어요?

Answer 32

Would you do (something) for me?

• more polite than 으세요
• more polite with 좀

Question 33

Reported speech (형용사, 있다, 없다, 소문)

Answer 33

-다고 하다

Question 34

Reported speech (동사)

Answer 34

ㄴ/는다고 하다

Question 35

Reported speech (명사)

Answer 35

-이라고 하다

Question 36

Reported speech (Past tense)

Answer 36

었/았다고 하다

Question 37

Reported speech (future tense)

Answer 37

-을 거라고 하다

Question 38

으 irregular

Answer 38

-drop 으 when followed by 어/아요

• 아/오 + 으 = 아요
• other vowels + 으 = 어요

Question 39

ㄷ irregular

Answer 39

ㄷ combined with verb ending with a vowel, ㄷ is changed to ㄹ

Ex: 듣다…들어요, 묻다…물어요, 걷다…걸어요

Question 40

ㅂ irregular

Answer 40

When ㅂ is followed by a vowel, ㅂ changes to 우

-돕다 is an exception and adds 오 instead: 도와요

Question 41

르 irregular

Answer 41

When 르 is followed by 아/어, 으 is dropped and another ㄹ is added

Ex: 모르다: 몰ㄹ + 아요 = 몰라요

Question 42

ㄹ irregular

Answer 42

When ㄹ is followed by an ending that begins with ㅂ, ㄴ, ㅅ, then ㄹ is dropped

Ex:
살다: 살 + 세요 = 사세요
알다: 알 + ㅂ니다 = 압니다
길다: 길 + ㄴ = 긴

Question 43

ㅅ irregular

Answer 43

• followed by vowel, drop ㅅ
• followed by consonant, keep ㅅ

붓다: 붓 + 어서 = 부어서
낫다: 낫 +을 거에요 = 나을 거에요

붓다: 붓 + 고 = 붓고
낫다: 낫 + 지 = 낫지

Question 44

ㅎ irregular

Answer 44

-when followed by 은, 으면, and 을까요, ㅎ and 으 are dropped

Ex: 그렇다: 그렇 + 은 = 그런

-when followed by 아/어요, ㅎ is deleted and the remaining vowels are combined

Ex: 그렇다: 그렇 + 어요 = 그래요