ACP Questions Flashcards
First two tests to evaluate secondary amenorrhea after excluding pregnancy
FSH and Prolactin
Precise time of day for testosterone measurement in evaluation of hypogonadism
At 8:00 AM
Specific diagnostic antibody associated with Graves disease
Thyroid stimulating hormone receptor antibody
All normotensive patients with adrenal incidentaloma are screened for these 2 endocrine disorders
Pheochromocytoma and Cushing syndrome
Autosomal dominant disorder causing benign hematuria
Thin basement membrane disease
HYVET study systolic blood pressure target associated with reduced mortality
≤ 150 mm Hg
Surgical procedure associated with oxalate nephropathy
Gastric bypass surgery (accept bowel resection)
Preferred statin for patients on dialysis for end-stage kidney disease
None
Most common disease cause of proximal RTA (Fanconi’s syndrome) in adults
Monoclonal gammopathy (accept multiple myeloma, amyloidosis, light chain disease)
Classical presentation is painless localized cervical lymphadenopathy
Hodgkin disease (accept Hodgkin lymphoma)
Preferred drug class for postmenopausal women with HR-positive early stage breast cancer
Aromatase inhibitor
A monoclonal antibody to RANKL for the management of bone metastases from solid tumors
Denosumab
Most common kidney complication of endothelial growth factor inhibitors
Proteinuria (accept hypertension)
Positive staining for S100 protein, HMB-45 antigen, and vimentin supports this diagnosis
Amelanotic melanoma (accept melanoma)
Positive staining for S100 protein, HMB-45 antigen, and vimentin supports this diagnosis
Amelanotic melanoma (accept melanoma)
Indication for infective endocarditis prophylaxis following cardiac transplantation
Valvulopathy
The two most important human ehrlichial diseases
Human monocytic ehrlichiosis and human granulocytic anaplasmosis
Cause of an acute febrile reaction, headache and myalgia within the first 24 hours of erythema migrans treatment
Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction
Interval following Td vaccination appropriate for Tdap vaccination
At any time.
L. monocytogenes meningitis treatment in penicillin allergic patient
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
Most common presenting severe symptom of diabetic amyotrophy
Pain
Most effective drug treatment for trigeminal neuralgia
Carbamazepine
Name of syndrome describing delayed neurologic sequelae following carbon monoxide poisoning.
Delayed neuropsychiatric syndrome
Tremor that occurs exclusively with writing
Primary writing tremor
Ice-pack test is associated with this autoimmune neuromuscular disorder
Myasthenia gravis
Specific quantitative criterion represented by R in the CURB-65 score
Respiratory rate >30/min
High resolution CT shows diffuse, homogeneous, < 1cm diameter thin-walled cysts
Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (accept LAM)
Pulmonary artery wedge pressure required for a diagnosis of pulmonary arterial hypertension
≥ 15 mm Hg (accept < 15 mm Hg)
TB test for lymphocytic pleural fluid when initial smear and culture TB are negative
Adenosine deaminase
Warming strategy that combines warm blankets, heating pads, radiant heat, warm baths, or forced warm air
Active external rewarming (AER)
Two most common structural cardiac diseases associated with syncope
Aortic stenosis and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Statin therapy decreases risk of this post-CABG arrhythmia
Atrial fibrillation
Term for chronic but potentially reversible ischemic myocardial dysfunction
Hibernating myocardium
Condition associated with rising venous pressure, falling arterial pressure, and decreased heart sounds
Pericardial tamponade
Cardiac condition associated with Carney complex
Atrial Myxoma
Acronym for law that protects the privacy of individually identifiable health information
HIPPA
Name for federal regulations providing research subject protections
Common Rule
Medical ethics principle that obliges the physician to act in the patient’s best interests
Beneficence
Name for decision making for a patient whose preferences are not known that is based on the best evidence of what the patient would have wanted
Substituted judgment
Statement of medical professionalism by ABIM Foundation, ACP Foundation and European Federation of Internal Medicine
Physician Charter
Most common diagnosis accounting for elbow swelling
Olecranon bursitis
The SLE skin diagnosis responsible for the “butterfly rash” (malar rash)
Acute cutaneous lupus erythematosus
A noninflammatory disease associated with calcification and ossification of spinal ligaments and of peripheral entheses
Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH)
Syndrome of entrapment of the median nerve in the proximal forearm where it passes through the pronator teres muscle
Pronator teres syndrome
ENT complication shared by primary atrophic rhinosinusitis, relapsing polychondritis, and granulomatosis with polyangiitis
Saddle nose deformity
Consequence of complete lack of testosterone during first trimester on male embryo
Development of female external genitalia
Antibody predicts poor response to oral hypoglycemic drug therapy
Anti-GAD (glutamic acid decarboxylase) antibody (also accept islet cell antibody [ICA])
Next diagnostic step for thyroid nodule associated with low TSH
Thyroid scintigraphy (accept iodine or technetium scan or nuclear scan)
Enhanced susceptibility to statin-associated myopathy occurs in patients with this endocrine disorder
Hypothyroidism
Chemical form of testosterone replacement therapy associated with liver complications
Alkylated androgens (do not accept oral therapy)
Diagnosis suggested by aquagenic pruritus and elevated hematocrit
Polycythemia vera
Condition associated with “Waring blender syndrome” causing fragmentation hemolytic anemia
Malfunctioning mechanical prosthetic valve (accept prosthetic valve, paravalvular leak)
Hydroxyurea therapy in sickle cell disease increases this hemoglobin type
Hemoglobin F
Thalassemia diagnosis associated with 90% hemoglobin A and elevations of A2 and F
Beta thalassemia minor
Preferred treatment for RBC transfusion-dependent deletion 5q syndrome
Lenalidomide
Non-dietary lifestyle modification to slow the progression of chronic kidney disease
Smoking cessation
Which renal tubular disorder is associated with impaired ammoniagenesis
Type 4 renal tubular acidosis (accept hyporeninemic hypoaldosteronism)
GI procedure most commonly associated with acute phosphate nephropathy
Colonoscopy (accept sodium phosphate bowel prep for colonoscopy)
Most common pattern of glomerular injury associated with hepatitis C infection
Membranoproliferative (with or without cryoglobulinemia)
A circulating peptide secreted by osteocytes and osteoblasts that causes renal phosphate wasting
Fibroblast growth factor 23 (accept FGF23)
Most common indication for treating asymptomatic bacteruria in women
Pregnancy
Varicella vaccine can be given to patients with HIV infection and this CD4 count
> 200
IDSA definition of the cfu threshold in a voided urine specimen defining asymptomatic bacteruria in women
≥105 cfu/mL
Antibiotic always included in a multiple antibiotic regimen for anthrax meningitis
Ciprofloxacin
IDSA recommended combination antibiotic therapy for severe Babesia microti infection
Oral quinine plus IV clindamycin (drug without routes acceptable)
Severe constipation type diagnosed by delayed passage of radiopaque markers through the proximal colon
Colonic inertia (also accept slow transit constipation)
Acute onset of lateral abdominal pain in older patient, followed by diarrhea, bleeding, and this sigmoidoscopy finding
Ischemic colitis
Most consistently effective biological therapy for recurrent and antibiotic refractory C. difficile infection
Fecal microbiota transplantation (accept fecal transplantation)
To reduce false-negative urea breath test results, the patient should be off antibiotics for this length of time
4 weeks
Two conditions associated with the highest serum gastrin level measurements
Atrophic gastritis (accept autoimmune gastritis) and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (accept gastrinoma)
Diagnosis for this benign fluid filled cavity with mucous glands lining the epithelium [of inner lip]
Mucocele
Diagnosis for this condition also known as “picker’s nodules”
Prurigo nodularis
Benign, noninfectious condition located on the sulcus or corona of the glans penis
Pearly penile papules
Diagnosis for these painful, chronic and recurrent sterile abscesses [picture of large abscess in Arm pit]
Hidradenitis suppurativa
Diagnosis for this condition that is associated with a bacterial infection causing malodorous feet
Keratolysis
Meaning of TIMI acronym
Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction
Valvular heart lesion associated with nail bed pulsations
Chronic aortic regurgitation (accept aortic regurgitation)
Postmenopausal women account for most cases of this syndrome of transient regional LV dysfunction
Stressed-induced (takotsubo) cardiomyopathy
USPSTF grade assigned to screening for abdominal aortic aneurysm in women
Grade D
Most likely congenital heart disease diagnosis for this asymptomatic adult [EKG picture]
Dextrocardia
Describes the illusion of either personal or environmental movement
Vertigo
First-line oral drug for symptomatic treatment of myasthenia gravis
Pyridostigmine
Age exclusion for stroke-related thrombolytic therapy between 3 and 4.5 hours post stroke
Age >80 years
Likely diagnosis for neck pain, partial Horner syndrome, and TIA or stroke
Carotid artery dissection
Effective injectable therapy for prevention of chronic migraine headache
Botulinum toxin (accept OnabotulinumtoxinA, Botox)
Most common joint condition associated with anserine bursitis
Osteoarthritis
Disease most commonly associated with “capillary dropout” on nailfold capillary microscopy
Systemic sclerosis (accept scleroderma)
A bacterial organism known to trigger reactive arthritis
Chlamydia , Yersinia, Salmonella, Shigella, Campylobacter, Clostridium difficile (any one)
Diagnosis for a painful and stiff glenohumeral joint that has lost distensibility of the capsule and range of motion
Frozen shoulder (adhesive capsulitis)
Most common form of lung inflammation associated with Sjögren’s syndrome
Nonspecific interstitial pneumonia
Most common congenital malformation of the gastrointestinal tract
Meckel diverticulum
Condition associated with periodic acid-Schiff-positive macrophages and negative acid-fast stain
Whipple disease
SAAG and ascitic protein concentration thresholds associated with constrictive pericarditis
SAAG ≥ 1.1; Protein ≥ 2.5 g/dL
A typically transient anemia complication of TIPS
Hemolytic anemia (accept microangiopathic anemia)
Antibiotic most commonly responsible for drug-induced liver disease
Augmentin
Enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) can produce this toxin
Shiga toxin (accept vero toxin)
CDC prefers IGRA over tuberculin skin testing in patients with this medical history
Previous BCG vaccination (accept BCG treatment)
The most common organ infected by Nocardia
Lung
Infection associated with merozoites arranged in Maltese Cross pattern in peripheral blood smear
Babesia
Vancomycin minimum trough concentration recommended for S. aureus vertebral osteomyelitis
≥15 μg/mL
INR range for treatment of pulmonary embolism
2.0-3.0
Diagnosis in ventilated patient for hypotension, decreased left breath sounds and left deviated trachea
Right main bronchus intubation
Most common acid-base disorder associated with malignant hyperthermia
Respiratory acidosis
Liver condition that may result in brown pleural effusion
Amebic abscess
Most common antecedent of critical illness polyneuropathy
Severe sepsis (accept sepsis)
Most patients with leukostasis syndrome are also at risk for this oncological emergency
Tumor lysis syndrome
Playing this musical instrument is classically associated with intravascular hemolysis
Bongo drum
Two diagnoses most commonly accounting for acute fall in hemoglobin in patients with sickle cell anemia
Aplastic crisis and hyperhemolytic crisis
Definitive treatment for porphyria cutanea tarda
Phlebotomy
Giant hemangiomas can be associated with this coagulation disorder syndrome
DIC (also accept Kasabach-Merritt syndrome)
Eponym for hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer
Lynch syndrome
Standard initial therapeutic approach for patients with metastatic prostate cancer
Androgen deprivation therapy (accept hormone therapy)
Histological stain used to diagnose AL amyloidosis
Congo red (accept thioflavin T)
This mutation in non-small cell lung cancers predicts favorable response to specific tyrosine kinase inhibitors
EGRF activating mutation
Cancer suggested by positive immunostaining for chromogranin A or synaptophysin
A neuroendocrine carcinoma (accept small cell lung cancer, carcinoid, or islet cell tumor)
‘Popeye’ arm deformity is associated with rupture of this tendon
Biceps tendon
Inflammatory condition characterized by quotidian fevers, arthritis, an evanescent rash and markedly elevated serum ferritin concentrations
Adult Onset Still’s Disease
Besides the sun, common source of UVB radiation that may result in photosensitive reactions
Fluorescent light bulbs
Condition associated with pain at the radial side of the wrist during pinch grasping or during thumb and wrist movement
de Quervain’s tenosynovitis
The two most common ocular syndromes associated with giant cell arteritis
Amaurosis fugax and anterior ischemic optic neuropathy
Factor that carries factor VIII in the circulation
von Willebrand factor
Four vitamin K dependent coagulation factors
II, VII, IX, and X (name all)
A metalloproteinase that is deficient in patients with TTP
ADAMTS 13
Therapy that decreases recurrent stroke in sickle cell disease
Exchange transfusion
Cause of splenomegaly and hepatomegaly in myelofibrosis (myeloid metaplasia)
Extramedullary hematopoiesis
Vasculitis that is associated with stenosis and aneurysms of the renal artery
Polyarteritis nodosa
Electrolyte-associated syndrome characterized by quadriparesis, “locked in” syndrome, and coma
Osmotic demyelination syndrome (accept central pontine myelinolysis or pontine myelinolysis)
Diagnosis associated with this skin finding and angiomyolipomas or tubers of the skin, retina, brain, and kidneys [image of ash-leaf spot]
Tuberous sclerosis complex (accept tuberous sclerosis)
Syndrome caused by metabolism of ADH by circulating vasopressinase
Gestational diabetes insipidus
Therapeutic infusion associated with type B lactic acidosis, rhabdomyolysis, and hyperlipidemia
Propofol infusion
Lung cancer complication suggested by dyspnea, cough, and facial swelling
Superior vena cava syndrome
Components of FOLFOX chemotherapy
Folinic acid (leucovorin), 5-FU, oxaliplatin
Diagnosis suggested by peripheral blood smear [abnormal leukocytes with hairy protrusions]
Hairy cell leukemia
Cancer treatment cause of LV dysfunction that is not dose dependent
Trastuzumab
Treatment for this symptomatic, early-stage non-Hodgkin lymphoma [skin rash on back]
Topical corticosteroids or PUVA
Atrial fibrillation ablation therapy involves this cardiac structure
Pulmonary vein
Most likely finding on ECG prior to this arrhythmia [torsades de pointes EKG]
Long QT
Headache drugs implicated as a cause of valvular heart disease
Ergotamine and methysergide (either)
Lenient atrial fibrillation heart rate shown to be non-inferior to <80/min
<110 BPM
Late gadolinium enhancement on CMR is associated with this condition
Myocarditis
Sigmoidoscopic finding associate with anthraquinone laxative abuse
Melanosis Coli
Constipation diagnosis associated with failure to relax the puborectalis and external anal sphincter muscles
Dyssynergic constipation (accept pelvic floor dysfunction or pelvic floor dyssynergia)
Diagnosis associated with acute upper abdominal pain, vomiting, and an inability to pass a nasogastric tube
Acute gastric volvulus
Concurrent inflammatory bowel disease that may be found with celiac disease
Microscopic colitis (accept lymphocytic colitis)
Parasitic disease causing Symmer’s pipestem fibrosis, splenomegaly and portal hypertension
Schistosomiasis
Dementia intervention associated with increased physical conditioning and delay in cognitive decline
Exercise training
Tremor that increases at the end of goal-directed movements
Essential tremor
Encephalitis associated with muscle weakness and extrapyramidal symptoms
West Nile virus encephalitis (accept Japanese encephalitis)
Treatment as effective as plasma exchange for Guillain-Barr syndrome
Intravenous immune globulin
Term describing a form of hypertonia with an involuntary variable resistance during passive movement
Paratonia or gegenhalten
Most sting-related reactions are caused by this order of insects
Hymenoptera
Condition associated with urticaria pigmentosa
Mastocytosis (systemic or cutaneous mastocytosis)
Syndrome characterized by reaction in mouth to eating fresh fruits, nuts, and vegetables
Oral allergy syndrome
Fish-related poisoning often misdiagnosed as “seafood allergy”
Scombroid poisoning
Eponym for accentuated lines or folds below the lower lids associated with allergic conjunctivitis
Dennie-Morgan lines
Most common cause of primary glomerulopathy in developed countries
IgA nephropathy
Non-inflammatory, nonatherosclerotic disorder that leads to arterial stenosis, occlusion, aneurysm, and dissection
Fibromuscular dysplasia
Antihypertensive drug class that decreases risk of acute gout
Calcium channel blockers (accept losartan but not ARBs)
Diagnostic urinalysis finding associated with acyclovir acute kidney injury
Needle shaped crystals (accept crystals or crystalluria)
Sonographic criteria for the diagnosis of type 1 ADPKD for at risk individuals ages 15 to 30 years
≥ 2 unilateral or bilateral cysts
Timing of initial imaging follow up for 4 mm pulmonary nodule on CT scan in high risk patient
CT scan in 12 months (accept 12 months)
First line treatment for reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy
Lower BP
The strategy of permissive hypercapnia is used to manage this mechanical ventilation complication associated with COPD
Auto-PEEP or intrinsic PEEP
Strongest indicator for critical illness myopathy
IV glucocorticoids
Acid-base disorder characteristic of propofol infusion syndrome
Metabolic acidosis (accept increased anion-gap metabolic acidosis)
MEN 2A and MEN 2B have these 2 conditions in common
Medullary thyroid cancer and pheochromocytoma
Syndrome manifesting the most common sex chromosome abnormality
Turner syndrome (gonadal dysgenesis)
Syndrome of vitiligo, autoimmune thyroid and adrenal disease , type 1 DM, and hypopituitarism
Polyglandular autoimmune syndrome
Adjuvant treatment for thyroid storm that blocks release of T4 and T3
Iodine (accept lithium)
Mediator of transient subclinical hyperthyroidism during first half of pregnancy
HCG (human choriogonadotropin)
Leukemia most commonly associated with leukostasis syndrome
AML or CML in blast crisis
Most common thrombophilia associated with warfarin skin necrosis
Protein C deficiency
Patients with hemochromatosis are at risk for this bacterial infection
L. monocytogenes, Y. enterocolitica, V. vulnificus, Klebsiella sp (any one)
Diagnosis accounting for Coombs-negative hemolytic anemia and Budd-Chiari syndrome
Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
Myelodysplastic syndrome-associated skin condition that may herald change to acute leukemia
Sweet syndrome (acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis)
Class of drug for hormone-receptor positive early stage breast cancer in premenopausal women
Selective estrogen receptor modulator (accept SERM or tamoxifen)
Recommended type of endoscopic surveillance following colectomy for familial adenomatous polyposis
Upper endoscopy
Leukemic variant of cutaneous T cell lymphoma commonly presenting with erythroderma and generalized lymphadenopathy
Sézary syndrome
Most likely primary cancer accounting for metastatic squamous cell carcinoma to upper cervical lymph node
Head and neck
The Gynecologic Oncology Group definition of optimal cytoreduction for ovarian cancer in terms of remaining residual disease
Residual disease < 1 cm in diameter
Systolic blood pressure level that excludes thrombolytic therapy for acute stroke
≥ 185 mm Hg
Name of retinal finding associated with subarachnoid hemorrhage
Subhyaloid hemorrhage
Name for temporary worsening of multiple sclerosis symptoms in the setting of fever
Pseudorelapse (accept Uhthoff phenomenon)
Sustained cervical muscle contractions and abnormal posture of the head
Cervical dystonia (torticollis)
Myelitis and optic neuritis and positive NMO-IgG autoantibody
Neuromyelitis optica (Devic disease)
The most common somatoform disorder
Somatization
Personality disorder characterized by unstable interpersonal relationships, impulsiveness, and self-destructive behaviors
Borderline personality
Disorder characterized by excessive fears of scrutiny, embarrassment and humiliation in social situations
Social anxiety disorder (accept social phobia disorder)
SSRI-associated syndrome of myoclonus, muscular rigidity, and hyperthermia
Serotonin syndrome
First line therapy for post traumatic stress disorder
Cognitive behavioral therapy (accept CBT, exposure therapy, cognitive therapy, eye movement desensitization and reprocessing)
Liver disorder associated with platypnea and orthodeoxia
Hepatopulmonary syndrome
Vasculitic disorder characterized by chronic rhinosinusitis, asthma, and prominent peripheral blood eosinophilia
Churg-Strauss syndrome (allergic angiitis and granulomatosis)
Sudden jerking leg movements that may accompany restless leg syndrome
Periodic limb movement of sleep (accept periodic limb movement disorder)
Fleischner criteria for timing of next imaging study for incidentally discovered 3 mm pulmonary nodule in high risk patient
12 months
Most common cause of hypopituitarism
Pituitary tumor or treatment of tumor (either)
Cause of thyrotoxicosis and elevated TSH, elevated T3, and elevated free T4
TSH secreting pituitary adenoma (accept pituitary, pituitary tumor, pituitary adenoma, central hyperthyroidism)
In patients with diabetes, 2 criteria used to unequivocally attribute chronic kidney disease to diabetes
Microalbuminuria (or proteinuria) and diabetic retinopathy
Most common manifestation of MEN 1
Multigland hyperparathyroidism (accept hyperparathyroidism)
Name for this finding associated with obstructive substernal goiter [red face when hands are held in air]
Pemberton’s sign (Pemberton’s maneuver)
Clinical tool used to calculate 10-year probability of fracture risk
Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX)
Gold standard test for diagnosing “white coat hypertension”
Ambulatory blood pressure measurement (not home blood pressure measurement)
BMI range defining “overweight”
25-29.9
Chronic non-productive cough, atopy and positive sputum eosinophils without airway hyperresponsiveness
Nonasthmatic eosinophilic bronchitis (accept eosinophilic bronchitis)
Reasoning error characterized by accepting at face value a previous diagnosis
Anchoring heuristic
Major pulmonary complication of bleomycin therapy
Interstitial pulmonary fibrosis (also fibrosing alveolitis, pulmonary fibrosis)
Duration of VTE treatment with LMWH in patients with cancer
Indefinitely or until cancer is resolved (accept either)
Age when HPV vaccination should be initiated in females
Age 11-12
Mutated gene responsible for Gardner’s syndrome
APC (adenomatous polyposis coli)
Eponym for cancer syndrome associated with tumor protein p53 gene mutation
Li-Fraumeni syndrome
A “box car”-shaped gram-positive bacillus that produces lethal toxin
Bacillus anthracis (accept anthrax)
Recommended antibiotic treatment for Campylobacter gastroenteritis
Azithromycin or erythromycin
Cause of chronic diarrhea in patient exposed to day care center
Giardia Lambia
Bacteria responsible for emetic syndrome related to fried rice
Bacillus cereus
Breakbone fever” has been used to describe a symptom of this disease
Dengue fever
Most common medical cause of gastroparesis
Diabetes
Most common chronic motility complication following Roux-en-Y bypass operation for obesity
Dumping syndrome
IDSA recommended drug and route for severe C. difficile colitis
Oral Vancomycin
Biliary disease associated with increased risk for colorectal cancer
Primary sclerosing cholangitis
Congenital pancreatic anomaly associated with recurrent pancreatitis
Pancreas divisum
Most common cause of recurrent episodes of this condition [picture of erythema multiforme]
Herpes virus infection (accept HSV infection)
Agent causing this lesion following fish tank exposure [yellow lesion on medial ankle]
Tuberculosis marinum
Diagnosis of these lesions distributed in “Christmas tree” pattern on truck and chest
Pityriasis rosea
Childhood skin condition that can also be spread sexually
Molluscum contagiosum
Diagnosis for this condition [nikolsky sign]
Toxic epidermal necrolysis
Autoimmune blistering disease caused by autoantibody to desmoglein
Pemphigus vulgaris (accept pemphigus)
Childhood vasculitis associated with red chapped lips and strawberry tongue
Kawasaki disease (accept mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome)
Class of allergic drug reaction responsible for contact dermatitis
Type IV
Most common malignancy associated with common variable immunodeficienc
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (accept lymphoma)
Atrial septal defect that accounts for 70% of all atrial septal defects
Secundum atrial septal defect
Best test for a patient with intermediate risk of coronary artery disease and left axis deviation
Exercise stress test.
Blood test distinguishing constrictive pericarditis from restrictive cardiomyopathy
B-type natriuretic peptide (accept BNP)
Target resting heart rate for atrial fibrillation therapy suggested by the RACE II Trial
Less than 110/min
Denominator in the number needed to treat calculation
Absolute risk reduction (accept control rate event-experimental rate event)
Formula to calculate “power”
1-(type 2 error rate) or 1-β
Ratio estimating risk of an event occurring at an instantaneous point in time
Hazard ratio
A receiver operator characteristics (ROC) curve is a plot of these 2 variables
Sensitivity (true positive rate) and 1- specificity (false-positive rate)
Benign skin tumor on the face often mistaken for basal cell carcinoma
Sebaceous hyperplasia
ACIP recommended initial age for vaccine to prevent this condition [zoster]
Age 60 years
Name for linear depressions in nail that result from chemotherapy
Beau lines
Genus of yeast associated with this condition [hyperpigmented lesions]
Malassezia (accept older name Pityrosporum)
Diagnosis for these hyperpigmented papules [underneath eyes]
Dermatosis papulosa nigra
Polycythemia vera symptom characterized by burning of palms and soles
Erythromelalgia
Liver produced peptide that down regulates enterocyte absorption of iron
Hepcidin
Name of this cell responsible for secondary pure red cell aplasia
Large granular lymphocyte
Scoring system used to estimate pretest probability of heparin induced thrombocytopenia
4t score
FDA approved DNA hypomethylating agent that improves survival in myelodysplastic syndrome
Azacitidine (accept decitabine)
ACP guideline recommends pulmonary rehabilitation for symptomatic patients with stable COPD and this FEV1
FEV1 < 50% predicted
New name of idiopathic form of bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia
Cryptogenic organizing pneumonia (accept COP)
New name for bronchoalveolar cell carcinoma
Adenocarcinoma in situ (accept minimally invasive adenocarcinoma)
Poisoning associated with diagnostic mnemonic “SLUDGE”
Organophosphate (accept insecticide, sarin)
Exposure associated with radiographic finding of progressive massive fibrosis
Silica (accept silicosis
Character of tinnitus that suggests an underlying vascular cause
Pulsatile
Most common bacterial etiology of otitis externa in immunocompetent patients
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (accept Pseudomonas)
Name of anterior septal vascular area responsible for 90% of epistaxis
Kiesselbach plexus
Subtype of nonallergic rhinitis associated with eating
Gustatory rhinitis
Name for mucocele at floor of mouth resulting from obstruction of sublingual glands
Ranula
Diagnosis for acute episode of muscular weakness following high carbohydrate meal
Hypokalemic periodic paralysis
24 mEq/L-(δ anion gap) calculates this entity
Corrected bicarbonate level
Mediator of retinal toxicity associated with methanol poisoning
Formic acid
Type of acidosis associated with short bowel syndrome and normal serum lactic acid level
D-Lactic acidosis
Cause of anion gap metabolic acidosis and increased osmolar gap associated with intravenous lorazepam
Propylene glycol
Word for inflammation at sites of ligamentous or tendon attachment to bone
Enthesitis (accept enthesopathy)
Condition significantly associated with high titers of anti-U1-ribonucleoprotein antibodies
Mixed connective tissue disease
Indicated pulmonary test for patient with this disorder [psoriasis]
Flow volume loop
Diagnosis for spine changes [look up x-ray]
Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (accept DISH)
Form of scleroderma presenting as localized indurated plaques
Morphea
Term denoting transient improvement in insulin production following treatment of newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes mellitus
“Honeymoon period”
Cause of retinal changes in this patient with diabetes
Photocoagulation therapy
In the evaluation of male hypogonadism, next test if total testosterone level is indeterminate (200-350 ng/mL)
Free or bioavailable testosterone
Cause of hypercalcemia associated with mutations of the calcium-sensing receptor gene
Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
Prednisone threshold dose of any duration that does not require perioperative testing or replacement to prevent adrenal crisis
Less than or equal to 5 mg/day
AHRQ number 1 strategy to improve patient safety in hospitals
VTE prophylaxis
In adults who have never received Tdap, timing of Tdap following last Td vaccination
Anytime, regardless of interval
Most effective prophylactic drug for tension headache
Tricyclic antidepressant
Antibiotic with highest risk of hyperkalemia
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (accept trimethoprim)
HLA-B5701 allele is associated with this dermatologic condition
DRESS syndrome (accept hypersensitivity reaction)
Two USPSTF recommendations to prevent falls in elderly
Exercise (or PT) and Vitamin D
Antidepressant for elderly with weight loss and insomnia
Mirtazapine (accept Remeron)
