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US HISTORY > WWII > Flashcards

WWII Flashcards

1
Q

Tojo - what did he want?

A

Japanese military dictatorship

Wanted an empire where japan will have dominance over neighboring countries since they needed natural resources

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2
Q

Okinawa

A

Last major battle if WWII

America took island, now had place to land invade Japan

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3
Q

Arguments for dropping the atomic bomb

A
  1. Invasion of Japan was estimated to cost at least 500,000 American soldiers and millions of Japanese civilians
  2. The United States knew that Japan would continue to fight to the end Japanese culture thought surrendering was worse than death
  3. The United States wanted to show off their new weapon to the Soviets Scared of communists spreading Us secret program to develop it.
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4
Q

Holocaust

A

genocide of over 6 million European Jews during World War II by the Nazi party Codenamed the final solution

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5
Q

Genocide

A

the deliberate killing of a large number of people from a particular nation or ethnic group with the aim of destroying that nation or group

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6
Q

Nuremberg trials

A

Run by the United Nations-23 allied nations

an international court to prosecute war crimes and “crimes against humanity”

Attempted to bring justice to the Nazi leadership in Germany

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7
Q

Tuskegee Airmen

A

African Americans “experiment” segregated military section who first to see combat in war and fly pilots. Important in battle in Italy to push axis powers back

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8
Q

Totalatrainism

A

A government, usually with one leader, takes total control of all aspects of public and private life.

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9
Q

How the great depression allowed dictators to take over in Europe but not America

A

In Italy/ Germany New to democracy= did not trust it yet

Great Depression occured= allowed people to think they needed to be strong leaders again to fix the problems

America/ Great Britain/ France Use to democracies

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10
Q

Battle of Midway( importance)

A

topped Japanese advance in Pacific

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11
Q

Hiroshima and Nagasaki

A

The locations of where the US dropped the two atomic bombs on japan.

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12
Q

Non-aggression pact( what it was, why, and effect)

A

Hitler and Stalin agreed to not fight each other, and in return, they split Poland in half Hitler did not want to have to fight a two-front war again( WWI) Stalin wanted land to protect from others

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13
Q

V- E DAY

A

Victory in Europe day VJ( Victory in Japan day)

May 8th

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14
Q

Battle of Britain

A

Germany used constant bombing to try and have them surrender, since they could not have a land invasion across the sea easily. Britain was able to maintain with the use of new technology- radar to see german planes coming

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15
Q

Why did America not do more to stop the Holocaust?

A

Did not believe it/ was okay with what was occurring/ wanted to end the war fast first

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16
Q

Joseph Stalin

A

Leader of the new Soviet/ communist Russia

Wanted to expand their territory and legitimize the regime

create a buffer zone between themselves and Germany

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17
Q

Korematsu v united states

A

Fred Korematsu, an American citizen of Japanese ancestry, sued the United States over Executive Order 9066. He argued his Constitutional rights were being violated because he had not committed a crime and was denied due process. Supreme Court took the United States’ side- allowed to do this!

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18
Q

Zoot Suit Riots

A

Mexican Americans: 300,000 enlisted in WWII/ Millions more worked on farms in southwest, California to produce food for troops Tensions rise between whites and Mexican Americans In May and June of 1943, fighting broke out in Los Angeles, CA between groups of Mexican American youth, police, and soldiers who were stationed in L.A. “The Zoot Suit Riots” - types of clothing that were popular with many young Mexican American men

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19
Q

Yalta Conference

A

Winners of the war ( US/ SOVIET RUSSIA/ BRITIAN) meet to figure out post-war Europe Each side claimed the areas they had liberated. Areas in green are to be rebuilt to look like the United States Democratic and Capitalist Areas in red are going to be rebuilt to look like the Soviet Union Communist with a dictatorship

20
Q

Lend-lease act (what it is, why we passed this)

A

President the powers to sell, transfer, exchange, lend equipment to any country to help it defend itself against the Axis powers.

-passed after Hitler took over France and during battle of Britain

21
Q

Selective Service Act( what it is, why passed)

A

After Japan joined Hitler in the pact

A peacetime draft

22
Q

Rationing

A

Ration the amount of food/ resources American civilians were allowed to during WWII Americans would be issued a book of stamps they had to have to buy food each week in addition to money

23
Q

Day of infamy speech- the importance

A

Roosevelt’s speech he gave to Congress to ask for them to approve declaration o fear on japan after pearl harbor. Passed war 388 to 1

24
Q

Internment camps

A

Japanese-Americans living on the west coast were viewed suspiciously after pearl harbor Executive order 9066 signed by FDR- allowed for Japanese Americans to be forcibly moved to camps for military necessity Lived in small rooms, only allowed to bring with them what could carry, barbed wire surrounding area

25
Q

WAC

A

Women’s Auxiliary Army Corps( WAC) It was part of the army. They received the same benefits as men Non-combat roles: clerical workers, truck drivers, instructors, and lab technicians 350,000 joined

26
Q

Battle of Dunkirk

A

A battle that left France unprotected = nazis take control of Paris British and French soldiers escaped back to England with help of civilians picking them up. Same soldiers who will reenter in d-day

27
Q

Neutrality act of 1939( what it is, why passed)

A

Allowed the US to sell weapons to allies if they bought and transported themself Also called (cash and carry) In response to Hitler invading Poland without declaring war

28
Q

Why was rationing used?

A

Needed to use all the resources for the war effort Resources not able to get from countries in war ( silk from japan)

29
Q

How did the war start? Why.

A

After Hitler invaded Poland( allies said they would declare war on Hitler if he attached Poland )

30
Q

Fascism

A
  • ### Right-wing dictatorship
    1. ### Based on extreme loyalty to one leader and to the “nation” over the individual
    2. ### Strong countries are better countries and need a strong military to conquer lesser countries
    3. ### Individualism and liberalism enable dangerous decadence and have a negative effect on the group.
    4. ### A strong sense of community or brotherhood, brought together by the belief they are victims.
31
Q

D-DAY

A

British/ American/ Canadian forces re-enter Europe, able to push back Hitler. Known as beginning of end of war in Europe

32
Q

Manhattan project

A

Top security weapon created by U.S with help of Britain/Canada “manhattan project” code name Tested bomb In dessert in New Mexico

33
Q

Adolf Hitler

A

Nazi Germany leader

anti-democratic/ communist/ Semitic

promised to restore Germany’s greatness and territory lost in WWI

Needed to get more living space( lebensraum) for the “master” race ( Aryans)

34
Q

Appeasement

A

the international context is a diplomatic policy of making political, material, or territorial concessions to an aggressive power in order to avoid conflict.

35
Q

Pearl Harbor ( what is it, why did it happen, the effect of it )

A

Japan attached an American navy base in pearl harbor Hawaii December 7th, 1941

  • Destroy America before they enter the war Japan wanted to continue expanding its empire.
  • Needed oil and resources to be able to do this. USA froze Japanese assets in the us AND stopped trading oil to them after they joined Germany’s side of the war.
36
Q

Arguments against dropping the atomic bomb

A

It was not needed- Russia was going to join the war, and would be able to defeat Japan

  • Had not been used yet Unknown consequences
  • other options ( firebombing )
37
Q

Mussolini - what he wanted?

A

Founded fascists part in Italy

Promised: order, stability, and prosperity

What wanted: the desire to not be a minor European power and remember Italies rich history (Roman etc)

38
Q

Island Hopping

A

strategy targeted key islands to capture and equip with airstrips, bringing B-29 bombers within range of the enemy homeland, while hopping over strongly defended islands, cutting off supply lanes and leaving them to wither.

39
Q

VJ Day- when and what?

A

Aug 15th. Japan surrenders after 2 atomic bombs dropped on them by US

40
Q

Aftermath in Japan

A

The United States took control of Japan
Forced it to demilitarize
Lost all colonies
Emperor had to admit he was not a god
A democracy was set up
Became allies with the US during the Cold War

41
Q

How did native Americans help with the war effort?

A
  • 25,000 enlisted; higher ratio than any other group
  • Navajo code-talkers, used own language
  • 40,000 Native women worked in the war field
  • purchased $50 million on war bonds
42
Q

What are the 3 reasons( 5 total..) for why America used propaganda during WWII?

A
  1. Americans did not want to join the war at first( isolaistinst)
    1. Pearl harbor changes this
  2. Once we started, had a draft to enlist more soldiers
    1. 5 million soldiers draft
  3. Production
    1. Economy was transformed to produce war items.
    2. Needed workers etc.
  4. Conservation
    1. Materials scare- asked citizens to ration items
    2. Victory gardens, fix old items,
      Invest:
    3. Needed money to pay to build war items
      1. ask citizens to buy bonds
        Raised 85 million out of 139 million americans bought bonds
43
Q
  1. What are the 3 ways America paid for WWII?
A
  • War bonds*
  • Raised taxes*
  • Deficit spending*
44
Q
  1. What was the effect of the war production board?
A

No more great depression now since converted economy into war economy

45
Q
  1. Neutrality act of 1935-1937( what they are, why passed)
A
  • 1935- in response to rise of aggression rulers= no weapons sell to*
  • 1936- mussolini taking over ethiopia and oil companies selling to him= fixing loophole and not allowed oil or give loans*
  • 1937- Spanish civil war to turn facism = expanded to include civil wars not allowed to sell items. No americans on waring ships*
46
Q
  1. Why did Americans want to stay neutral at first?
A
  • US weakened by Great Depression= not able to support a war
  • war could destroy freedom and liberty for Americans
  • United States remain a pillar of sanity in divided world
  • did not want to compromise American interests
47
Q

Totalitarian

A

A government, usually with one leader, takes total control of all aspects of public and private life.

US HISTORY (4 decks)

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