6. The End of the Cold War Flashcards
In ____ ____, the Afghan Communist Party overthrew the ____.
They then began a ____ ____ programme which created widespread ____ opposition.
This programme included the ____ of ____ and the __-____ of ____.
In April 1978, the Afghan Communist Party overthrew the monarchy.
They then began a radical reforming programme which created widespread Islamic opposition.
This programme included the education of women and the re-distribution of land.
The USSR feared that the impact of the widespread Islamic opposition to the reforming programme would lead to the development of Islamic ____ in its ____ ____.
The USSR feared that the impact of the widespread Islamic opposition to the reforming programme would lead to the development of Islamic fundementalism in its southern republics.
In ____ ____, Soviet troops ____ Afghanistan and ____ their unpopular President ____.
They replaced him with ____.
They hoped he would ____ Islamic fundementalists in a matter of ____.
In December 1979, Soviet troops invaded Afghanistan and executed their unpopular President Amin.
They replaced him with Kamal.
They hoped he would crush Islamic fundementalists in a matter of weeks.
____ Mujahedin guerilla fighters fought the Soviet occupation for ____ years, maintaining their bases in ____ ____ territories bordering ____.
Parallels with the ____ War for the ____.
200,000 Mujahedin guerilla fighters fought the Soviet occupation for ten years, maintaining their bases in inaccessible mountain territories bordering Pakistan.
Parallels with the Vietnam War for the US.
The US saw the Aghanistan invasion as ____ ____.
In response, President Carter:
- Suspended ____ ____ to the USSR
- In ____ boycotted the ____ ____ ____
- Refused to ratify ____ __
These actions merely ____ the US, made Carter look ____, and Carter was ____ at the next election in ____ by ____
The US saw the Aghanistan invasion as Soviet expansionism.
In response, President Carter:
- Suspended grain exports to the USSR
- In 1980 boycotted the Moscow Olympic Game
- Refused to ratify SALT II
Action 2 merely annoyed the US, made Carter look weak, and Carter was replaced at the next election in 1981 by Reagan
President Reagan also ____ supported the Mujahedin.
In ____, he:
- Gave them ____-____-____ ____
- Shared ____ ____ with them.
____ also helped.
President Reagan also financially supported the Mujahedin.
In 1986, he:
- Gave them ground-to-air missiles
- Shared military intelligence with them.
____ also helped.
Britain under ____ supported ____ stances.
However, ____ and the ____ tried to maintain detente, merely ____ the invasion ____.
Britain under Thatcher supported US stances.
However, France and the FRG tried to maintain detente, merely condemning the invasion verbally.
President Reagan spent ____% of government funds on armaments between ____-__.
President Reagan spent 30% of government funds on armaments between 1981-85.
In ____, Reagan announced his Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI) or ‘____ ____’ scheme.
This involved the creation of an ____ shield composed of ____ ____ and ____ in ____.
In 1983, Reagan announced his Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI) or ‘Star Wars’ scheme.
This involved the creation of an ABM shield composed of nuclear missiles and lasers in space.
On _st ____ ____, the USSR mistakenly shot down a ____ ____ ____ ____, as the US had been ____ spy planes as ____ ____.
The USSR ____ to ____ ____ for it.
Relations were so bad, Andropov feared that an annually scheduled ____ ____ might be a ____ ____.
On 1st September 1983, the USSR mistakenly shot down a South Korean Passenger airline, as the US had been disguising spy planes as commercial airliners.
The USSR refused to take responsibility for it.
Relations were so bad, Andropov feared that an annually scheduled NATO exercise might be a nuclear attack.
Adropov died in ____, and his replacement Chernenko died in ____ ____.
He was replaced by ____, who was younger (in his ____)
Adropov died in 1984, and his replacement Chernenko died in March 1985.
He was replaced by Gorbachev, who was younger (in his fifties)
